ENHANCEMENT OF THE 1000 FUNCTIONAL CONNECTOME PROJECT
Bhusan Bharat
Nathan S. Kline Institute For Psych Rescity: Orangeburg country: United States (us)
Grant 1R03MH096321-01A1 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: Once a distant goal, discovery science for human brain function is now a reality. Capitalizing on the ease of data-sharing with resting state fMRI (R-fMRI), the 1000 Functional Connectomes Project (FCP) has invigorated the neuroimaging community by aggregating datasets independently collected by labs around the world, and making them publicly available without restriction. As of Dec 11, 2009, researchers who once struggled to obtain 20 - 30 datasets for analyses suddenly had access to over 1200 datasets. Most importantly, feasibility analyses performed by the founding members of the FCP demonstrated the ability to carry out discovery science with the aggregate dataset. In order for discovery science to take hold in the neuroimaging field, researchers need continued access to large-scale imaging datasets that will enable both data mining and replication studies. To address this need, the FCP launched the International Neuroimaging Data-sharing Initiative (INDI). Designed to encourage the open sharing of more detailed phenotypic data with imaging datasets, and to establish a model for sharing data prospectively (i.e., prepublication), INDI is making significant strides in this regard. The present proposal seeks to extend this impact by overcoming a second key obstacle faced by prospective researchers - namely, scientists need access to appropriate tools to facilitate data exploration. This applies particularly to investigators who are inexperienced with the nuances of fMRI image analysis, or lack the programming support or resources necessary for handling and analyzing large- scale datasets. The aim of the proposed work is to create an open-source user interface for flexible, automated processing of R-fMRI datasets by both novice and expert users. An additional aim is to provide benchmark results so that users can calibrate their local results. Attaining these aims within the 24 months of the project will substantially accelerate the trajectory of discovery science of human brain function. ! The 1000 Functional Connectomes Project (FCP) has invigorated the neuroimaging community by aggregating datasets from around the world and making them publicly available for researchers to use without restriction. By promoting a culture of open data-sharing, the FCP and similar efforts can rapidly accelerate the pace of neuroscientific and psychiatric discovery, though many statisticians, mathematicians, engineers and neuroscientists are deterred from participating due to limited experience with neuroimaging analysis. The present proposal aims to overcome this obstacle by creating a software tool capable of automated processing of datasets in the FCP by both novice and expert users
Keywords: Address; Aging; Archives; base; Benchmarking; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cerebrum; Childhood; Cities; Communities; Country; Data; data format; data mining; Data Set; design; Distant; Engineering; Ensure; Event; experience; file format; flexibility; Frequencies (time pattern); Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Generations; Goals; graphical user interface; Human; Image; Image Analysis; independent component analysis; interest; International; Journals; Linux; Longevity; Maps; Measurement; Measures; member; Meta-Analysis; Metadata; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); neuroimaging; open source; operation; Output; Paper; Phase; Population; portability; preference; Preparation; Procedures; Process; programs; prospective; Protocols documentation; prototype; Publications; quality assurance; Reading; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Rest; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Seeds; sharing data; Site; Software Tools; Specific qualifier value; success; Time; tool; Work
Relevance: The 1000 Functional Connectomes Project (FCP) has invigorated the neuroimaging community by aggregating datasets from around the world and making them publicly available for researchers to use without restriction. By promoting a culture of open data-sharing, the FCP and similar efforts can rapidly accelerate the pace of neuroscientific and psychiatric discovery, though many statisticians, mathematicians, engineers and neuroscientists are deterred from participating due to limited experience with neuroimaging analysis. The present proposal aims to overcome this obstacle by creating a software tool capable of automated processing of datasets in the FCP by both novice and expert users
Project start date: 2012-01-16
Project end date: 2013-11-30
Budget start date: 16-JAN-2012
Budget end date: 30-NOV-2012
1R03MH096321-01A1 (2012): $80600
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
Grants awarded to Bhusan Bharat
CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND BOLD CHANGES IN TBI USING FMRI
Bhusan Bharat
Univ Of Med/dent Of Nj-nj Medical Schoolcity: Newark country: United States (us)
Grant 5R01NS049176-04 from National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke
Abstract: The enormous potential of fMRI as a tool for understanding the influences of TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury) on cognitive and motor functioning in humans has begun to be realized as a body of neurocognitive TBI literature has started to emerge (McAllister et al., 1999; 2001, Christodoulou et al., 2001). While the consistency in these findings has been encouraging, the validity of conclusions regarding the influences of TBI on brain activation patterns measured by fMRI will be dependent upon better characterizing the wide variability in brain activation patterns observed (Hillary, Steffener, Biswal et al., 2002). The aim of our proposal is to systematically examine and quantify the vascular and neural factors contributing to trauma- related changes in the fMRI signal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to comprehensively examine the biophysical, neural, and cognitive contributions to TBI-related differences in fMRI activation. The techniques we propose to develop and utilize here can be implemented by other investigators to accurately isolate hemodynamic changes due to trauma-related (or, indeed, any population-related) differences in neural activity. Because of this, the current proposal provides the opportunity to establish new standards for applying BOLD fMRI to clinical samples.. The present project intends to combine basic science, engineering, and computational issues to specifically elucidate mechanisms (neuronal vs vascular) that results in TBI subjects having altered brain activation in comparison to healthy controls. Results obtained from the noninvasive technique (fMRI) would provide ways to measure a number of relevant physiological factors and characterize them biophysically to understand human brain function with TBI. Methods and techniques developed can also be used to study between two or more different groups
Keywords: 21+ years old; Accounting; Adult; adult human (21+); Affect; Barbels; Barbus; base; Basic Research; Basic Science; Biological Neural Networks; biological signal transduction; Blood flow; blood oxygenation level dependent response; Blood Vessels; Blood Volume; BOLD response; Brain; brain behavior; CBF; Cell Communication and Signaling; Cell Signaling; cerebral blood flow; cerebral circulation; cerebrocirculation; cerebrovascular; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrovascular Physiology; Cerebrum; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Core-Binding Factor; Data; Elevated Intracranial Pressure; Encephalon; Encephalons; Engineering; Engineerings; fMRI; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; hemodynamics; Human; Human, Adult; Human, General; Incidence; Individual; injured; Injury; Intracellular Communication and Signaling; Intracranial Hypertension; Intracranial Pressure Elevation; Intracranial Pressure Increase; Investigators; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lesion; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional; Man (Taxonomy); Man, Modern; Measurement; Measures; Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Methods; Methods and Techniques; Methods, Other; Motor; MR Imaging; MR Tomography; MRI; MRI, Functional; National Institutes of Health; National Institutes of Health (U.S.); Nerve Cells; Nerve Unit; Nervous; Nervous System, Brain; neural; Neural Cell; neural network; Neurocognitive; Neurocyte; neuroimaging; neuronal; Neurons; NIH; NMR Imaging; NMR Tomography; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging; O element; O2 element; Oxygen; Pattern; Physiologic; Physiological; Population; programs; Programs (PT); Programs [Publication Type]; relating to nervous system; Research Personnel; Researchers; response; Rest; Sampling; Secondary to; Severities; Signal Transduction; Signal Transduction Systems; Signaling; Site; Source; Spin Labels; Stimulus; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Time; tissue oxygen saturation; tissue oxygenation; tool; Trauma; Trauma, Brain; traumatic brain damage; Traumatic Brain Injury; Traumatic encephalopathy; United States National Institutes of Health; vascular; Work; Zeugmatography
Project start date: 2006-08-02
Project end date: 2011-07-31
Budget start date: 1-AUG-2009
Budget end date: 31-JUL-2011
5R01NS049176-04 (2009): $344040
FUNCTIONAL MRI OF AGING: BIOPHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION
Bhusan Bharat
Univ Of Med/dent Of Nj-nj Medical Schoolcity: Newark country: United States (us)
Grant 1R01AG032088-01A2 from National Institute On Aging
Abstract: In the recent years, a number of studies using functional MRI (fMRI) have shown substantial differences between the activation pattern of older subjects (> 50 years of age) and younger subjects (21-40 years) while performing a number of different sensorimotor and cognitive tasks. It has been concluded that the contrast observed is due to differences in neuronal activity in the older subjects. However, early hypothesis that normal aging involves widespread loss of neurons have been revised in light of accumulating evidence that in most regions of the brain, the number of neurons is stable throughout adulthood and senescence. In addition to direct effects on neuronal function, factors contributing to cerebrovascular reactivity is known to be altered in older people that could give rise to altered hemodynamic responses. Since the signal observed using fMRI could be modulated both by hemodynamics and oxygenation changes resulting from neuronal changes, these two factors must be separated to gain a better understanding about age related changes in the activation pattern obtained using fMRI. The present project proposed intends to combine basic science, engineering, and computational issues to specifically elucidate mechanisms (neuronal vs vascular) that results in older subjects having altered brain activation in comparison to young subjects. Results obtained from the noninvasive technique (fMRI) would provide ways to measure a number of relevant physiological factors and characterize them biophysically to understand human brain function with aging. Methods and techniques developed can also be used to study between two or more different groups. The present project will help determine biophysical aspects of aging using non-invasive functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). As longitudinal studies are very important to follow individuals through different stages of their life span, fMRI techniques would become crucial in obtaining valuable biomarkers in studies of aging. FMRI presents many caveats in determining the actual physiological indicators that influence signal response in young and old subjects. This project is designed to address certain caveats by effectively testing and quantifying the neural and hemodynamic components that may modulate signal response in young and old subjects. This study will significantly gain information regarding the underlying nature and necessary corrections in fMRI signals. Such a correction is necessary to accurately determine the progression and determinants of change across all segments of the life span that affect cognitive effects and brain function
Keywords: 21+ years old; Accounting; Address; Adult; adult human (21+); adult youth; advanced age; Affect; Age; age dependent; age related; Age-Years; Aged 65 and Over; Aging; Area; Barbels; Barbus; base; Basic Research; Basic Science; biological signal transduction; biomarker; blood corpuscles; Blood erythrocyte; Blood flow; Blood normocyte; blood oxygen level dependent; Blood Vessels; Blood Volume; Brain; Brain region; carbon dioxide retention; Carbon dioxide, increased level; Cell Communication and Signaling; Cell Signaling; cerebral blood flow; cerebral circulation; cerebrocirculation; cerebrovascular; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Cerebrum; Cognitive; Data; density; deoxyhemoglobin; design; designing; digital; Elderly; Elderly, over 65; elders; elevated carbon dioxide; Encephalon; Encephalons; Engineering; Engineerings; Erythrocytes; Erythrocytic; Evolution; fMRI; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; geriatric; heavy metal lead; heavy metal Pb; hemodynamics; Human; Human Volunteers; Human, Adult; Human, General; Hypercapnia; hypercarbia; Individual; insight; Intracellular Communication and Signaling; late life; later life; Lead; Length of Life; life span; lifespan; Light; long-term study; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional; Man (Taxonomy); Man, Modern; Maps; Marrow erythrocyte; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Medical Imaging, Positron Emission Tomography; Memory, Immediate; Memory, Short-Term; Memory, Shortterm; Methods; Methods and Techniques; Methods, Other; Modeling; MR Imaging; MR Tomography; MRI; MRI, Functional; Nature; Nerve Cells; Nerve Unit; Nervous; Nervous System, Brain; neural; Neural Cell; Neurocognitive; Neurocyte; neuroimaging; neuron cell death; neuron loss; neuronal; neuronal cell death; neuronal loss; Neurons; NMR Imaging; NMR Tomography; normal aging; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging; older adult; older person; Oxyhemoglobin; Pattern; Pb element; Performance; PET; PET imaging; PET Scan; PETSCAN; PETT; Photoradiation; Physiologic; Physiological; Population; Positron Emission Tomography Scan; Positron-Emission Tomography; Predisposition; Property; Property, LOINC Axis 2; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging; public health relevance; Rad.-PET; Red Blood Cells; Red blood corpuscule; Red Cell; Red cell of marrow; relating to nervous system; Relative; Relative (related person); Reporting; response; Reticuloendothelial System, Erythrocytes; Senescence; senescence; senescent; senior citizen; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Signal Transduction Systems; Signaling; Site; Source; Staging; Susceptibility; T-state hemoglobin; Task Performances; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; tissue oxygen saturation; tissue oxygenation; Variant; Variation; vascular; Vasodilatation; Vasodilation; Vasomotor; Vasorelaxation; working memory; Yang; young adult; Zeugmatography
Relevance: The present project will help determine biophysical aspects of aging using non-invasive functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI). As longitudinal studies are very important to follow individuals through different stages of their life span, fMRI techniques would become crucial in obtaining valuable biomarkers in studies of aging. FMRI presents many caveats in determining the actual physiological indicators that influence signal response in young and old subjects. This project is designed to address certain caveats by effectively testing and quantifying the neural and hemodynamic components that may modulate signal response in young and old subjects. This study will significantly gain information regarding the underlying nature and necessary corrections in fMRI signals. Such a correction is necessary to accurately determine the progression and determinants of change across all segments of the life span that affect cognitive effects and brain function
Project start date: 2010-07-01
Project end date: 2015-06-30
Budget start date: 1-JUL-2010
Budget end date: 30-JUN-2011
PFA/PA: PA-07-070
1R01AG032088-01A2 (2010): $315900