Leslie Diane Leve
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc.
Project start date: 2009-02-15
Project end date: 2012-12-31
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
JUVENILE JUSTICE GIRLS: PATHWAYS TO ADJUSTMENT AND SYSTEM USE IN YOUNG ADULTHOOD
Leslie Diane Leve, Senior Scientist
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc., 10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd., Eugene, Or 97401
Grant 5R01DA024672-02 from National Institute On Drug Abuse
Abstract: Females under age 18 are the fastest-growing segment of the juvenile justice population and are at risk for negative co-occurring outcomes including drug abuse, HIV/STI risk, criminal behavior, and educational failure. As they enter young adulthood, this constellation of behaviors puts them at heightened risk for early parenthood and subsequent involvement in the child welfare system (for their parenting behaviors) and the adult corrections system (for criminal behaviors). Such system involvement is costly, and its prevention would be of great significance to public health; however, very little is known about factors leading to females´ success/failure in young adulthood and factors that might prevent involvement in these two public systems. The proposed study would further our understanding of the pathways to and the prevention of HIV/STI risk, drug use, and child welfare and adult corrections involvement by following-up 166 women who participated in two randomized intervention trials aimed at reducing delinquency during adolescence. In the original studies, juvenile justice girls who had been referred for out-of-home placement due to chronic delinquency were randomly assigned to services as usual or to Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC). Efficacy of the MTFC intervention with this sample has been shown at 12- and 24-month follow-ups on criminal referral rates, days spent in locked settings, deviant peer associations, and educational engagement. We propose to examine the developmental pathways for these juvenile justice girls into young adulthood (ages 21-28) using innovative data collection and data analytic techniques, with foci on the long-term effects of MTFC, the mediators of young adult adjustment and child welfare/corrections involvement, and the cost effectiveness and cost avoidance of MTFC on these outcomes. The overarching aim is to identify potential targets for subsequent intervention. One in-person assessment is proposed with each female and her current romantic partner (if she has one); in addition, telephone interviews will be conducted every 6 months for the duration of the study, and system data from child welfare and adult corrections will be collected. Studies have shown that juvenile justice girls have high rates of co-occurring risk behaviors. In young adulthood, these behaviors increase the likelihood of involvement in public social service systems. We will examine the pathways to young adult adjustment among juvenile justice females, focusing on processes that reduce the likelihood of child welfare and adult corrections involvement and, ultimately, costs to society
Keywords: 12-20 years old; 21 year old; 21+ years old; AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV; AIDS/HIV prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; AOD use; Active Follow-up; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Risk Behavior; Adolescent Youth; Adult; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; American; Analysis, Cost; Behavior; Behavioral Model; Caring; Categories; Characteristics; Child Welfare; Chronic; Cost Analyses; Cost Analysis; Cost Savings; Data; Data Collection; Development; Disease; Disorder; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Drugs, Illicit; Effects, Longterm; FLR; Failure (biologic function); Female; Female Adolescents; Foundations; Future; Generalized Growth; Goals; Grant; Growth; HIV Prevention; HIV/AIDS; HIV/AIDS prevention; HIV/AIDS problem; HIV/STD; Home; Home environment; Human, Adult; IT Systems; Illicit Drugs; Imprisonment; Independent Living; Information Systems; Information Technology Systems; Intervention; Intervention Strategies; Intervention Trial; Interview; Justice; Life; Living, Independent; Long-Term Effects; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mediator; Mediator of Activation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mental Hygiene; Methods and Techniques; Methods, Other; Modeling; Oregon; Outcome; Parenting; Parenting behavior; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Persons; Phone; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Process; Psychological Health; Public Health; Randomized; Records; Relative; Relative (related person); Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risky Behavior; Role; Sampling; Saving, Cost; Schools; Self-Report; Services; Social Service; Social Work; Social work (field); Societies; Specific qualifier value; Specified; Substance Use Disorder; Survey Instrument; Surveys; Symptoms; System; System, LOINC Axis 4; Systems, Data; Techniques; Telephone; Telephone Interviews; Tissue Growth; To specify; Translating; Translatings; Transmission; Woman; Work; Youth Risk Behavior; abuse of drugs; abuses drugs; adolescence (12-20); adolescent girl; adolescent trauma; adolescent welfare; adult human (21+); adult youth; analog; anti social; antisocial; at risk behavior; behavioral problem; childhood trauma; cost; cost effectiveness; criminal behavior; deviancy; deviant; disease/disorder; drug use; failure; follow-up; foster care; girls; high risk; incarceration; information gathering; innovate; innovation; innovative; intergenerational; interpersonal competence; interpersonal competency; intervention development; intervention effect; interventional strategy; juvenile; juvenile human; language translation; long-term study; male; meetings; methods to study multiple-level influences; multilevel analysis; multilevel model; multilevel modeling; ontogeny; pathway; pediatric trauma; peer; prevent; preventing; preventional intervention strategy; public health medicine (field); public health relevance; randomisation; randomization; randomly assigned; service utilization; skills; social competence; social competency; social role; social skills; substance use; success; teenage; theories; therapy development; transmission process; treatment development; twenty-one year old; young adult
Relevance: Studies have shown that juvenile justice girls have high rates of co-occurring risk behaviors. In young adulthood, these behaviors increase the likelihood of involvement in public social service systems. We will examine the pathways to young adult adjustment among juvenile justice females, focusing on processes that reduce the likelihood of child welfare and adult corrections involvement and, ultimately, costs to society
Project start date: 2009-02-15
Project end date: 2012-12-31
Budget start date: 1-JAN-2010
Budget end date: 31-DEC-2010
PFA/PA: PA-07-070
5R01DA024672-02 (2010): $548882
Grants awarded to Leslie Diane Leve
THE EARLY GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT STUDY: FAMILY PROCESS, GENES AND SCHOOL ENTRY
Leslie Diane Leve, Senior Scientist
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc., 10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd., Eugene, Or 97401
Grant 5R01HD042608-09 from Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development
Abstract: The proposed study is the continuation of the Early Growth and Development Study (EGDS), a prospective adoption design consisting 350 adoption triads (birth parents, adopted child, and adoptive parents). The overarching aim of this work is to study mechanisms of Genotype x Environment (GxE) interaction to identify environmental processes that prevent the expression of genetic risk and promote the expression of genetic resilience. We focus on mechanisms of GxE interaction along three developmental pathways internalizing behavior, externalizing behavior, and social competence. We also explore hypotheses regarding the role of three early responding systems that are closely linked to these pathways emergent literacy, HPA axis functioning, and executive functioning. The proposed data collection consists of multimethod, multiagent measures of genetic risk and protective factors, environmental processes, and children´s behavioral and neuroregulatory development during the transition to primary school. Success or failure during this transition has long-term implications for children´s mental health and drug use. Birth parent in-person assessments are proposed at child age 5, and adoptive family in-person assessments are proposed at ages 41/z, 6 (kindergarten), and 7 (first grade). The following aims are proposed (1) To identify specific parenting processes that mediate the expression of genetic influences on children´s internalizing behavior, externalizing behavior, and social competence (genotype-environment correlation); (2) to identify specific parenting processes and contextual factors that moderate genetic influences on internalizing behavior, externalizing behavior, and social competence (GxE interaction); (3) to identify mechanisms by which parenting and adoptive family contextual factors moderate genotype expression; and (4) to explore early responding systems that may moderate a child´s effect on or sensitivity to the family environment. Young children´s externalizing and internalizing problems pose critical challenges for families and schools. Children who enter primary school with problems are more likely to struggle academically and to access mental health and social services as adolescents and adults. The proposed work would build an empirical foundation to help guide prevention programs administered in family settings
Keywords: 0-11 years old; 21+ years old; ADRGND; Adolescent; Adolescent Youth; Adoption; Adrenal Glands; Adrenals; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Months; Anxiety; Application Context; Behavior; Behavioral; Birth; Characteristics; Child; Child Behavior; Child Mental Health; Child Youth; Children (0-21); Data; Data Collection; Development; Developmental Process; Drug usage; Drugs; Environment; Environment and Public Health; Environmental Factor; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; FLR; Failure (biologic function); Family; Family Process; Foundations; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Genotype; Growth and Development; Growth and Development function; Guide prevention; HPA; Human, Adult; Human, Child; Hypophysis; Hypophysis Cerebri; Hypothalamic structure; Hypothalamus; Infant; Investigation; Investigators; Link; Measures; Mediating; Medication; Mental Health; Mental Hygiene; Nervous System, Pituitary; Nursery Schools; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parent-Child Relationship; Parenting; Parenting behavior; Parents; Parturition; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Personality; Persons; Pharmaceutic Preparations; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Pituitary; Pituitary Gland; Prevention program; Primary Schools; Process; Processed Genes; Programs (PT); Programs [Publication Type]; Psychological Health; Psychopathology; Research Personnel; Researchers; Role; Schools; Social Service; Social Work; Social work (field); System; System, LOINC Axis 4; Temperament; Toddler; Transmission; Triad; Triad Acrylic Resin; Triad resin; Work; abnormal psychology; adopted child; adult human (21+); anti social; antisocial; children; contextual factors; design; designing; drug use; drug/agent; early childhood; environmental risk; executive control; executive function; externalizing behavior; failure; first grade; hypothalamic; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; hypothalmus-pituitary-adrenal axis; interpersonal competence; interpersonal competency; juvenile; juvenile human; kindergarten; literacy; parent child interaction; parent offspring interaction; pathway; phase 1 study; prenatal exposure; prenatally exposed; prevent; preventing; programs; prospective; psychosocial; public health relevance; resilience; response; social; social competence; social competency; social role; social skills; success; suprarenal gland; transmission process; well-being; youngster
Project start date: 2007-09-01
Project end date: 2012-07-31
Budget start date: 1-AUG-2010
Budget end date: 31-JUL-2011
5R01HD042608-09 (2010): $1598558
5R01HD042608-08 (2009): $1657977
2R01HD042608-06A1 (2007): $1298605
Preventing Problems For Girls In Foster Care
Leslie Diane Leve, Research Scientist
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc.
10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd.
eugene, Or 97401
Grant 5R01MH054257-10 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: RPHB
Abstract: In addition to the typical stressors experienced by children entering middle school, children in foster care face additional challenges resulting from their maltreatment histories, from unpredictable changes in their living situations, and from losses/gains of parent figures. This vulnerability may be especially pronounced for girls in foster care, who (in addition to being at risk for developing conduct and substance use problems) are at risk for early pregnancy. Social failures in middle school can initiate a set of processes with cascading negative effects that encompass behavioral, social, school, and emotional domains. Despite such risks, girls are less likely to receive specialty mental health or school-based services than their male counterparts. The proposed work extends our prior research to test the efficacy of a preventative intervention for preadolescent girls living in foster/kinship care (N = 90). The intervention is aimed at preventing girls´ delinquency, association with deviant peers, initiation of substance use, risky sexual behavior (including the contraction of STDs), school truancy/failure, and mental health problems. The experimental group will be randomly assigned to receive a tri-modal intervention parent management training for the foster/kin parents prior to the girls´ entry into the sixth grade; skill-building sessions for the girls prior to their entry into the sixth grade; and ongoing support and training for foster/kinship parents and girls throughout the sixth grade year. A multimethod, multiagent data collection approach will be used, with assessment occurring at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 18-months. Analyses will examine group differences in proximal and longer-term outcomes based on group assignment (intervention or control); the mediational effects of effective parenting and the girl´s social competence on the relationship between group assignment and proximal outcomes; and general developmental modeling and theory-building questions specific to girls
Keywords: adolescence (12-20), child foster care /adoption, female, human therapy evaluation, juvenile delinquency group therapy, longitudinal human study, parent offspring interaction, peer group, psychotherapy, social behavior disorder behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, human subject, interview
Project start date: 1997-02-01
Project end date: 2009-11-30
5R01MH054257-10 (2008): $532266
5R01MH054257-09 (2007): $547795
5R01MH054257-08 (2006): $549148
Leslie Diane Leve, Principal Investigator
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc. 10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd. Eugene, Or 97401
Grant 5P30MH046690-159003 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: Funds are requested for two pilot projects ($25,000 each) during each of the five years of the proposed continuation of the center. Other OSLC scientists would apply to the Core Director, Dr. Leslie Leve, who will review proposals, oversee progress on projects, work with administrative personnel to arrange support, and report on the progress of each project to the Executive Committee.
Keywords: biomedical facility, conduct disorder, data collection methodology /evaluation, developmental psychology, health science research support, model design /development, psychological model, antisocial personality, child psychology, parent offspring interaction, psychometrics, behavioral /social science research tag, human data
Juvenile Justice Girls: Pathways To Adjustment And System Use In Young Adulthood
Leslie Diane Leve, Research Scientist
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc.
Grant 1R01DA024672-01A1 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: PDRP
Abstract: Females under age 18 are the fastest-growing segment of the juvenile justice population and are at risk for negative co-occurring outcomes including drug abuse, HIV/STI risk, criminal behavior, and educational failure. As they enter young adulthood, this constellation of behaviors puts them at heightened risk for early parenthood and subsequent involvement in the child welfare system (for their parenting behaviors) and the adult corrections system (for criminal behaviors). Such system involvement is costly, and its prevention would be of great significance to public health; however, very little is known about factors leading to females´ success/failure in young adulthood and factors that might prevent involvement in these two public systems. The proposed study would further our understanding of the pathways to and the prevention of HIV/STI risk, drug use, and child welfare and adult corrections involvement by following-up 166 women who participated in two randomized intervention trials aimed at reducing delinquency during adolescence. In the original studies, juvenile justice girls who had been referred for out-of-home placement due to chronic delinquency were randomly assigned to services as usual or to Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC). Efficacy of the MTFC intervention with this sample has been shown at 12- and 24-month follow-ups on criminal referral rates, days spent in locked settings, deviant peer associations, and educational engagement. We propose to examine the developmental pathways for these juvenile justice girls into young adulthood (ages 21-28) using innovative data collection and data analytic techniques, with foci on the long-term effects of MTFC, the mediators of young adult adjustment and child welfare/corrections involvement, and the cost effectiveness and cost avoidance of MTFC on these outcomes. The overarching aim is to identify potential targets for subsequent intervention. One in-person assessment is proposed with each female and her current romantic partner (if she has one); in addition, telephone interviews will be conducted every 6 months for the duration of the study, and system data from child welfare and adult corrections will be collected. Studies have shown that juvenile justice girls have high rates of co-occurring risk behaviors. In young adulthood, these behaviors increase the likelihood of involvement in public social service systems. We will examine the pathways to young adult adjustment among juvenile justice females, focusing on processes that reduce the likelihood of child welfare and adult corrections involvement and, ultimately, costs to society
Project start date: 2009-02-15
Project end date: 2012-12-31
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
HIGH RISK PEER BEHAVIOR--A PREINTERVENTION STUDY
Leslie Diane Leve, Principal Investigator
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc. 10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd. Eugene, Or 97401
Grant 1R03MH057053-01 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: SRCM
Abstract: Antisocial peer behavior has been shown to be related to a variety of negative outcomes, including low academic performance, delinquency, substance abuse, and inept social relations (Block, Block and Keyes, 1988; Dishion et al,, 1991; Kupersmidt, Coie, and Dodge, 1990; Parker and Asher, 1987). Given the negative outcome to self and society, it is clear that steps should be taken to fully understand the nature and precursors of antisocial behavior in an effort to develop preventative intervention programs. The goal of the proposed project is to study children s peer relations from a developmental framework with the view toward a future preventative intervention design. Parent-child interaction data from 150 twin pairs (75 monozygotic, 75 dizygotic) were collected when children were between 6-11 years old. A multi-method assessment of peer relations including observational data of twin-peer dyads in five situations mirroring typical school interactions took place approximately 18 months later. All data have been collected, but the peer observational data have not been coded or analyzed. The aims of this proposal are as follow (1) to examine and develop a construct for high-risk peer behavior characterized by socialization with delinquent peers, engagement in discussion of antisocial activities, and absence of positive, reciprocal interactions; (2) to predict high- risk peer behavior from earlier parent-child interactions; (3) to assess the magnitude of sibling resemblance in antisocial peer behavior, and to disentangle the resemblance due to genetic sources versus those due to shared environmental sources; and (4) to use the results from this study to inform future research aimed at understanding and preventing children s high-risk peer behavior by (a) providing information about particular characteristics or contexts that put a child at risk for antisocial behavior, and (b) describing which of these characteristics are more influenced by environmental and genetic sources so that effective interventions can be steered toward behaviors that appear most malleable.
Keywords: behavioral genetics, child behavior, interpersonal relations, middle childhood (6-11), peer group, twin /multiplet, aggression, antisocial personality, behavior prediction, childrearing, disease /disorder proneness /risk, family structure /dynamics, juvenile delinquency, longitudinal human study, parent offspring interaction, psychological model, academic achievement, behavioral /social science research tag, human data
Project start date: 1997-01-01
Project end date: 1997-12-31
1R03MH057053-01 (1997): $36000
ORIGIN OF MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS IN THE FAMILY
Leslie Diane Leve, Principal Investigator
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc.
10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd.
eugene, Or 97401
Grant 5R01MH037911-16 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: CAPR
Abstract: Adapted from applicant´s ) This purpose of this study remains the same to document both the successes and failures of families as they work through transitions. In 1983, began a prospective study of the development of mental health problems within the family with a primary longitudinal sample of 18-month-old children from 185 families; these children have been seen at 30 months, 4, 7, and 10 years of age. In 1987, a study called Fathers was began with 107 children from high-risk neighborhoods and an additional 90 families who were a close match for the original Origins sample. The children in this sample were 5 years old and have also been studies at ages 7 and 11. These families were examined using the family management variables of Discipline, Monitoring, Problem Solving, and Prosocial Fostering developed at Oregon Social Learning Center, as well as Vygotsky´s construct of scaffolding or guided participation. In addition, emotional support has been measured in the child (primarily attachment measures) and family measures of emotional support. Early parenting variables were found to predict children´s social and cognitive competencies as they enter school. An intensive probe of friendship and peer relations at age 7 examined the relation of parenting variables to peer relations. When the children were 10 and 11 questionnaire data were collected on family relationships and the child was seen in the laboratory with a peer. Data was also collected on school performance and court records data. At all stages of the study, the data from boys and girls have been analyzed separately and different developmental processes as well as differences in the way that the children interpret their problems and competencies have been found. This application proposes to see the children at 13/14 and will continue to examine parent, child, and peer variables as well as to collect school and court data. At 16/17 a diagnostic interview, an attachment Q-sort, and a career interview will be completed and school and court data will again be collected
Keywords: adolescence (12-18), child psychology, family structure /dynamics, mental health epidemiology behavior prediction, child behavior, child behavior disorder, cognition, emotion, gender difference, interpersonal relations, longitudinal human study, parent offspring interaction, peer group, personality, self concept, social behavior, social support network behavior test, behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, human data, interview, questionnaire
Project start date: 1983-05-01
Project end date: 2002-04-30
5R01MH037911-16 (2000): $324719
5R01MH037911-15 (1999): $374689
5R01MH037911-14 (1998): $400385
Prevention Of Substance Use - Model For Intervention For Children In Child Welfar
Leslie Diane Leve, Research Scientist
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc.
10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd.
eugene, Or 97401
Grant 5P20DA017592-050001 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: ZDA1
Project start date: 2007-08-01
Project end date: 2008-07-31
Prevention Of Substance Use--Model For Intervention For Children In Child Welfare
Leslie Diane Leve, Principal Investigator
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc. 10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd. Eugene, Or 97401
Grant 1P20DA017592-010001 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: ZDA1
Keywords: child welfare, drug abuse prevention, health care model, model design /development, substance abuse related behavior, computer data analysis, longitudinal human study, parent offspring interaction, psychological model, substance abuse epidemiology, behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, human subject
Project start date: 2003-09-30
Project end date: 2008-07-31
Leslie Diane Leve, Principal Investigator
Oregon Social Learning Center, Inc. 10 Shelton Mcmurphey Blvd. Eugene, Or 97401
Grant 5P30MH046690-129003 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Keywords: biomedical facility, conduct disorder, data collection methodology /evaluation, developmental psychology, health science research support, model design /development, psychological model, antisocial personality, child psychology, parent offspring interaction, psychometrics, behavioral /social science research tag, human data
Project start date: 2001-06-01
Project end date: 2002-05-31
PREDICTION OF FRIENDSHIP FROM PARENT/CHILD RELATIONS
Leslie Diane Leve, Principal Investigator
Psychologyuniversity Of Oregon
eugene, Or 97403
Grant 5F31MH010407-02 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: EMP
5F31MH010407-02 (1994): $13008
PREDICTION OF FRIENDSHIP FROM PARENT-CHILD RELATIONS
Leslie Diane Leve, Principal Investigator
Psychologyuniversity Of Oregon
eugene, Or 97403
Grant 1F31MH010407-01 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: EMP
1F31MH010407-01 (1993): $11800