PEDIATRIC TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY IN LATIN AMERICA
A Nancy
Oregon Health And Science Universitycity: Portland country: United States (us)
Grant 5R01HD060570-03 from Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development
Abstract: The incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Latin America is three times the international average. Worldwide, TBI is the leading cause of death and disability among children and adolescents. Mortality and morbidity due to non- neurological, secondary complications such as sepsis and pneumonia are high. There is little to no post-discharge rehabilitation for TBI, and follow-up care for these patients is rare. Treatment practices vary across centers and regions. Where resources allow, many centers use the Guidelines for the Acute Medical Management of TBI in Infants, Children, and Adolescents to guide their treatment decisions. Pilot data suggests that doing so may improve outcomes. There is an urgent need to conduct strong research about pediatric TBI in Latin America that can lead to diagnostics, treatment, and prevention. We propose to conduct a study of TBI in pediatric patients in Latin America. It will take place in five trauma centers; three in Argentina, one in Bolivia, and one in Ecuador. These centers represent the variation in resources available for treatment of TBI in Latin America. Our Specific Aims are 1. In a randomized controlled trial, test the effect of a family-provided home care intervention on functional outcomes for pediatric patients who sustain moderate to severe TBI. 2. In a prospective, observational study, test the association between medical management and outcomes for pediatric patients with severe TBI. 3. In a prospective, observational study, test the association between resource availability and outcomes for pediatric patients with moderate to severe TBI. 4. Establish a registry of long-term, prospectively collected data about pediatric TBI in Latin America that can be used to generate strong scientific literature from which diagnostic, treatment, prognostic, and prevention guidelines - appropriate to resource-poor environments - can be derived. 5. Establish sustainable capacity in the Latin American Brain Injury Consortium (LABIC) to conduct ongoing research in pediatric populations with neurotrauma and other significant brain disorders. Our estimated sample is 720 acute care patients; we anticipate 65% will survive to discharge, and will collect outcomes data on approximately 420 patients (accounting for 10% loss to follow-up). We hypothesize that patients randomized to the home care intervention will have significantly better functional status than those who do not receive the intervention. We further hypothesize that outcome will be significantly associated with level of resources, and with medical management. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is of significant public health concern. Worldwide, it is the leading cause of death and disability among children and adolescents. Latin America has the highest incidence of intracranial injury in the world due to road traffic accidents and violence. The incidence of TBI in children in Latin America is almost three times higher than the international average. Rehabilitation for TBI is rare in most of Latin America - available only to the privileged or the employee-insured. Survivors are discharged to their families to live a life of disability, isolation, and stigma, with no follow-up care. The burden of illness is particularly poignant for pediatric TBI patients, as these children cannot return to school or engage in productive activities in their communities, but live many years completely dependent upon their families
Keywords: Accounting; Acute; Address; Adherence (attribute); Adolescent; Adoption; Adult; American; Argentina; Award; base; Bolivia; Brain Diseases; Brain Injuries; burden of illness; Caring; Cause of Death; Certification; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Childhood Injury; Clinical Research; Collaborations; community living; Complex; Contracture; Country; Data; Decubitus ulcer; design; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Diagnostic; disability; Ecuador; Educational aspects; Effectiveness; Employee; Environment; Epidemiology; Equipment; evidence base; evidence based guidelines; Family; Family member; follow-up; Fostering; functional outcomes; functional status; Funding; Generations; Grant; group intervention; Guideline Adherence; Guidelines; Health; Healthcare Systems; Hospitals; Human Resources; improved; Incidence; Income; infant brain injury; Information Dissemination; Injury; Institution; International; Intervention; Intracranial Pressure; Investigation; Journals; Latin America; Lead; Life; Literature; Manuscripts; Medical; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Mortality Vital Statistics; Neurologic; Observational Study; Outcome; Pathology; Patient Care; patient home care; patient population; Patients; Pediatric Hospitals; Peer Review; Phase; Pneumonia; Policy Maker; Population; Prevention; Prevention Guidelines; Prevention program; prognostic; programs; prospective; Prospective Studies; public health medicine (field); Public Policy; Publications; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recovery of Function; Registries; Rehabilitation therapy; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Training; Resources; Sampling; Schools; Sepsis; Services; social stigma; standard care; Standardization; Stigmata; Structure; Survivors; TBI Patients; Testing; Time; Traffic accidents; Training; Training Programs; Trauma; trauma centers; Trauma Research; Traumatic Brain Injury; Treatment outcome; Treatment Protocols; Variant; Violence; Work; Writing
Relevance: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is of significant public health concern. Worldwide, it is the leading cause of death and disability among children and adolescents. Latin America has the highest incidence of intracranial injury in the world due to road traffic accidents and violence. The incidence of TBI in children in Latin America is almost three times higher than the international average. Rehabilitation for TBI is rare in most of Latin America - available only to the privileged or the employee-insured. Survivors are discharged to their families to live a life of disability, isolation, and stigma, with no follow-up care. The burden of illness is particularly poignant for pediatric TBI patients, as these children cannot return to school or engage in productive activities in their communities, but live many years completely dependent upon their families
Project start date: 2009-06-17
Project end date: 2014-04-30
Budget start date: 1-MAY-2011
Budget end date: 30-APR-2012
PFA/PA: PAR-08-112
5R01HD060570-03 (2011): $510900
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
Grants awarded to A Nancy
EFFECTS OF A PREVENTIVE INTERVENTION FOR MEXICAN ORIGIN ADOLESCENTS
A Nancy
Arizona State University-tempe Campuscity: Tempe country: United States (us)
Grant 5R01MH064707-10 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: The proposed project is a follow-up of 516 Mexican origin (MO) adolescents and their caregivers who participated in an experimental trial of the Bridges to High School Program / Puentes a la Secundaria (Puentes) in 7th grade. Puentes is a culturally competent, family-focused intervention that targeted several putative mediators based on empirical evidence that they account for significant disparities in mental health and substance use disorders for MO youth. Families were recruited from school rosters at 4 middle schools to receive the 9-week Puentes program or a 1-session control group workshop. Stratified recruitment was used to select random samples for separate English and Spanish versions of the program. The program was implemented with high levels of fidelity and multiple-reporter assessments were used to posttest and one-year program effects (8th grade). Positive posttest effects were found for each of the individual and family competencies targeted as proximal mediators and for a number of distal mediators, including substance use, school disorderly conduct, and parent report of internalizing and externalizing behaviors, hypothesized to predict long-term program effects on diagnosed disorders in late high school and emerging adulthood (EA). Program effects were moderated by baseline levels of functioning indicating generally stronger effects for adolescents and families with worse functioning at baseline, and by language, indicating differential effects on the basis of family acculturation. Posttest changes on proximal mediators led to significant reductions in substance use, deviant peer association, internalizing and externalizing in 8th grade. The current application proposes two assessments at 5 and 7 years posttest to address the following specific aims 1) Examine Puentes effects on mental health and substance use trajectories and disorders; 2) Examine Puentes effects on risky behaviors (e.g., risky sexual behavior, school dropout) and success in EA adaptive functioning; 3) Examine whether program effects are mediated by the putative mediators targeted in the intervention; and 4) Examine whether program effects are moderated by baseline levels of risk, adolescent gender, and family linguistic acculturation. Analysis of covariance, mixed-model analysis of variance, logistic regression and latent growth curve modeling will be used to test the aims. The proposed continuation addresses a significant gap in prevention science and health disparities research by testing whether a family-focused intervention delivered in early adolescence can prevent mental health and substance use disorders in late high school and emerging adulthood that have significant public health burden for MOs in the U.S. The proposed research has important public health significance and is consistent with the goal of Healthy People 2010, to eliminate minority health disparities (DHHS, 2005) and with NIMH priorities to develop culturally appropriate and effective preventive interventions (NIMH, 1998)
Keywords: Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Analysis of Variance; base; Behavior; Caregivers; Control Groups; coping; deviant; Diagnosis; Disease; Distal; early adolescence; Educational aspects; Educational workshop; efficacy trial; emerging adulthood; Enrollment; externalizing behavior; Family; Family Process; Family Relationship; follow-up; Gender; General Population; Goals; Growth; health disparity; Healthy People 2010; high risk sexual behavior; high school; Individual; Intervention; Language; Latino; Linguistics; Logistic Regressions; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Mental Health; Mexican; middle school; Minority Groups; minority health; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); Outcome; Parenting behavior; Parents; peer; Pregnancy; Pregnancy in Adolescence; prevent; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; programs; public health medicine (field); Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Reporter; Reporting; Request for Applications; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Schools; Science; Student Dropouts; Substance abuse problem; Substance Addiction; Substance Use Disorder; success; Symptoms; Testing; therapy design; Work; Youth
Project start date: 2001-09-27
Project end date: 2012-06-30
Budget start date: 1-JUL-2011
Budget end date: 30-JUN-2012
5R01MH064707-10 (2011): $548980
NEUROTRAUMA RESEARCH TRAINING IN LATIN AMERICA
A Nancy
Oregon Health And Science Universitycity: Portland country: United States (us)
Grant 3D43TW007566-05S1 from Fogarty International Center
Abstract: The Neurotrauma Research Group (NTRG) is a collaboration of investigators and programs from Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU - Portland, Oregon), University of Washington (Seattle, Washington), and University of Rosario (Rosario, Argentina). The long-term objective of the NTRG is to improve treatment and outcomes for people who sustain traumatic brain injury (TBI), through research, education, and the development and dissemination of evidence-based guidelines. Through multiple funding sources, the NTRG conducts brain trauma research and educational programs in the United States and Latin America. With the International Collaborative Trauma and Injury Research Training program (ICTIRT), the NTRG proposes to use the research and educational resources of OHSU and University of Washington to train Latin American investigators in brain trauma research, and to establish a curriculum of trauma research at University of Rosario in Argentina. The program will involve three components 1. Long-term training. Post-doctoral candidates will complete the Master of Clinical Research program (MCR) at OHSU, with core curriculum designed to produce independent clinical researchers, and electives focused on trauma and injury. 2. Mentored research. Concurrent with participating in the MCR, the post-doctoral candidates will take part in active neurotrauma research at Harborview Hospital, a Level I trauma center, and in the Departments of Neurological Surgery and Rehabiltation Medicine at University of Washington. 3. Short course curriculum. Seven short course modules, designed to educate undergraduate and gradute students, public health and research administrators, and allied health professionals in the technology of trauma research, will be taught by faculty from OHSU at University of Rosario. Students who successfully complete all seven modules will participate in a mentored practicum experience and receive a Certificate in Trauma Research. Through this program we will train the future leaders in brain trauma research in Argentina. We will establish sustainable capacity for ongoing trauma research at University of Rosario, and create a prototype for similar programs throughout Latin America
Keywords: Administrator; American; Argentina; Clinical; Clinical Research; Collaborations; design; Development; Educational aspects; Educational Curriculum; Educational process of instructing; evidence based guidelines; experience; Faculty; Funding Agency; Future; Health Sciences; Hospitals; improved; Injury; International; Latin America; Medicine; Mentors; Neurosurgical Procedures; Oregon; Postdoctoral Fellow; profession allied to medicine; programs; prototype; public health research; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Resources; Students; Technology; Training; Training Programs; Trauma; trauma centers; Trauma Research; Traumatic Brain Injury; Treatment outcome; United States; Universities; Washington
Project start date: 2006-04-01
Project end date: 2012-02-28
Budget start date: 1-MAR-2010
Budget end date: 28-FEB-2012
PFA/PA: PAR-04-083
3D43TW007566-05S1 (2011): $9955
5D43TW007566-05 (2010): $144350
MECHANISMS OF 5HT2A RECEPTOR DESENSITIZATION
A Nancy, Chairperson/professor
University Of Kansas Lawrencecity: Lawrence country: United States (us)
Grant 5R01MH068612-09 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: The long-term goal of our studies is to identify the molecular mechanisms of desensitization of serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptor signaling. Adaptive changes in post-synaptic 5-HT2A receptor signaling underlie the mechanism of action of several drug treatments for psychiatric disorders including anxiety, schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder. Paradoxically, chronic treatment with both 5-HT2A receptor agonists such as DOI and antagonists including olanzapine desensitize 5-HT2A receptor signaling. Atypical antipsychotics are 5-HT2A receptor antagonists, and although these drugs are widely used, significant numbers of individuals are refractory to drug therapy. To help to resolve this paradox and identify novel targets that regulate 5-HT2A receptor signaling, we plan to investigate the mechanisms by which 5-HT2A receptor signaling is desensitized. We will examine the mechanisms of desensitization of 5-HT2A receptor signaling induced with 5-HT2A receptor agonists (Aim 1), and 5-HT2A receptor antagonists (Aim 2) in cells in culture and in vivo. Our central hypothesis is that agonists induce post-translation modifications while antagonists induce transcriptional changes to cause adaptational changes in 5-HT2A receptor signaling. We will build on our preliminary findings that 5-HT2A receptor agonists induce post- translational modifications to G proteins while chronic treatment with a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist increases RGS7 protein expression via increases in JAK/STAT signaling (STAT being a transcription factor). In addition to modern molecular biology approaches, we use neuroendocrine responses to 5-HT2A receptor-stimulation as an index of desensitization of 5-HT2A receptor signaling in vivo. A major advantage of the neuroendocrine challenge tests is that the results obtained in experimental animals can be rapidly applied to humans since these tests can be performed in humans. Ultimately the purpose of these studies is to identify new targets for therapeutic intervention for psychiatric disorders currently treated with drugs that alter 5-HT2A receptor signaling. By understanding the mechanisms involved in signaling and neuroadaptation, new approaches can be developed to reduce the delay in therapeutic response with antipsychotic and antidepressant therapies and treat individuals refractory to current therapies. Adaptive changes in post-synaptic 5HT2A/2C receptor signaling may underlie the mechanism of action of several drug treatments for neuropsychiatric. For example, several antipsychotic drugs, such as olanzapine, desensitize both 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors while 5- HT uptake blockers alter the efficacy of 5-HT2A receptor signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie these adaptive changes in 5-HT2A receptor signaling are not well understood. The purpose of this proposal is to determine the mechanisms involved in the adaptational responses to 5-HT2A receptor agonists and antagonists. By discovering the molecular mechanisms underlying signaling and desensitization of 5-HT2A receptor signaling, new targets for therapeutic intervention will be identified
Keywords: ADRBK1 gene; Agonist; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Anxiety; atypical antipsychotic; base; Binding (Molecular Function); Bipolar Disorder; Boxing; Brain; Calcium; Calmodulin; Cell Culture Techniques; Cell Line; Cells; Chronic; crosslink; Data; desensitization; Disease; Dose; Enzymes; Figs - dietary; Fluoxetine; Funding; Gene Expression; Genetic Transcription; Goals; Grant; Gray unit of radiation dose; GTP-Binding Proteins; Health; HTR2A gene; Human; in vivo; indexing; Individual; Janus kinase; Lead; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Modeling; Modification; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins; neuroadaptation; neuropsychiatry; Neurosecretory Systems; novel; novel strategies; Nuclear; olanzapine; Pathway interactions; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-Diphosphate; Phosphorylation; Phosphotransferases; Post-Translational Protein Processing; protein expression; Protein Kinase C; Proteins; Rattus; receptor; Receptor Signaling; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C; Refractory; research study; response; RGS Proteins; Schizophrenia; second messenger; Second Messenger Systems; Serotonin; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Signal Transduction Pathway; Signaling Protein; STAT protein; Synapses; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Intervention; transcription factor; transglutaminase 1; Transglutaminases; Translations; uptake
Project start date: 2003-07-01
Project end date: 2013-03-31
Budget start date: 1-APR-2011
Budget end date: 31-MAR-2012
PFA/PA: PA-07-070
5R01MH068612-09 (2011): $292673
COREGULATORY PROCESSES AND POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION IN LOW-INCOME MEXICAN AMERICANS
A Nancy, Associate Professor
Arizona State University-tempe Campuscity: Tempe country: United States (us)
Grant 3R01MH083173-03S1A1 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: The consequences of postpartum depression (PPD) extend far beyond the mother´s mental health, and can have severe detrimental effects on parenting abilities, mother-infant bonding, and infant health and development. Although Latinos are the fastest growing population group in the U.S., few studies of PPD have been conducted with Latina women. Existing studies suggest a significantly elevated vulnerability to PPD for low income ethnic minority women, which translates into an elevated risk for their children. However, most research has failed to consider the fundamental role of the newborn baby and the ability of mother-infant interactions to influence the onset and course of PPD, as well as the consequences for infant and child development. The parent grant for this supplemental proposal is evaluating a community sample of 330 low-income Mexican American new mothers from the prenatal period through the first postpartum year to assess the development of PPD, cultural-ecological factors that may either confer risk or offer protection from PPD, and the biopsychosocial process by which maternal depression influences and is influenced by mother-infant co-regulation of each other´s emotions, behavior, and physiology. We propose to extend these aims by the addition of comprehensive measurement of infant temperament, attachment, and cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functioning through 2 years of age. This project takes the dynamic perspective that PPD influences infant development at the same time that infant development influences PPD. In short, a culturally-informed understanding of the impact of PPD on infant functioning has important reciprocal implications for the health and well-being of Mexican American new mothers. Collection of this additional data will enable a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of PPD and its effects on mothers and infants, but also allows an extra year of data collection to better support the future submission of a proposal to longitudinally follow of this critical population with documented health disparity for PPD. A large research literature documents the substantial detrimental public health impact of postpartum depression. Infants and children of mothers who are depressed, especially those experiencing social disadvantage, face considerable short and long-term disadvantage, including lower birth weight, poorer cognitive development, higher rates of behavioral and social problems, and more frequent emotional problems. Population birth trends and the significant mental health disparities new Hispanic mothers and their infants experience argue for the critical need for further understanding of processes affecting the development of postpartum mood disorders in low-income Mexican American women and the consequences for their children
Keywords: 2 year old; Accounting; Address; Affect; American; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; biopsychosocial; Birth; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Characteristics; Child; Child Development; Clinical; Cognitive; Collection; Communities; Complex; Country; critical period; Data; Data Collection; Depressed mood; Development; Disadvantaged; Disease; early childhood; Emotional; Emotions; Ethnic group; ethnic minority population; experience; Face; follow-up; Funding; Future; Health; health disparity; Hispanics; Infant; Infant Development; Infant Health; infant temperament; interest; Latina; Latino; Learning; Life; Literature; longitudinal course; Low Birth Weight Infant; Low income; maternal depression; Measurement; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mexican; Mexican Americans; Minority Groups; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Mothers; Newborn Infant; Nursery Schools; parent grant; Parenting behavior; Personal Satisfaction; Physiology; Population; Population Group; Population Growth; Positioning Attribute; Postpartum Depression; Postpartum Period; prenatal; Prevalence; Problem behavior; Process; Protocols documentation; public health medicine (field); Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Role; Sampling; social; Social Problems; Stress; Structure; Testing; Time; Translating; trend; Woman
Relevance: A large research literature documents the substantial detrimental public health impact of postpartum depression. Infants and children of mothers who are depressed, especially those experiencing social disadvantage, face considerable short and long-term disadvantage, including lower birth weight, poorer cognitive development, higher rates of behavioral and social problems, and more frequent emotional problems. Population birth trends and the significant mental health disparities new Hispanic mothers and their infants experience argue for the critical need for further understanding of processes affecting the development of postpartum mood disorders in low-income Mexican American women and the consequences for their children
Project start date: 2008-01-01
Project end date: 2013-12-31
Budget start date: 21-JUL-2011
Budget end date: 31-DEC-2012
PFA/PA: PA-09-174
3R01MH083173-03S1A1 (2011): $509393
COREGULATORY PROCESSES AND POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION IN MEXICAN-AMERICANS
A Nancy
Arizona State University-tempe Campuscity: Tempe country: United States (us)
Grant 5R01MH083173-04 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: The consequences of postpartum depression (PPD) extend far beyond the mother´s mental health, and can have severe detrimental effects on marital relationships, parenting abilities, mother-infant bonding, and infant health and development. Although Latinos are the fastest growing population group in the US, few studies of PPD have been conducted with Latina women. Existing studies suggest a significantly elevated vulnerability to PPD for low income ethnic minority women. However, the trajectories of onset and recovery have not been well- described, and little is known about the influence of cultural-ecological risk and protective factors. Further, most research has failed to consider the fundamental role of the newborn baby and the ability of mother-infant interactions to influence the onset and course of PPD. This study will evaluate a community sample of 330 low-income Mexican American first- time mothers from the prenatal period through the first postpartum year. The development of PPD and the process of recovery will be examined using well-validated symptom and clinically diagnostic measures. Culturally-ecological factors will be examined that may either confer risk or offer protection from PPD. Repeated home observations of mother-infant interactions will be collected in the critical first 6 months following childbirth. The bio-psychosocial process by which mothers and infants co-regulate each other´s emotions, behavior, and physiology will be analyzed and used to predict the longitudinal course of PPD over the first year. Findings will significantly enhance understanding of the impact of culturally-relevant risk and protective factors on the onset and course of PPD in a highly vulnerable population, and will identify innovative targets (e.g., mother-infant interactions) for future interventions. Postpartum mood disorders, primarily depression, affect a large number of new mothers. Estimates range from 10-15 percent in general population samples. However, striking health disparities are evident in studies evaluating low-income and/or ethnic minority mothers, for whom prevalence rates from 24-49 percent have been reported. A large research literature documents the substantial detrimental public health impact of postpartum depression, not just for women, but for their partners and children as well. According to the World Health Organization (2007), depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and the fourth leading contributor to worldwide burden of disease. Infants and children of mothers who are depressed, especially those experiencing social disadvantage, face considerable short and long-term disadvantage, including lower birth weight, poorer cognitive development, higher rates of behavioral and social problems, and more frequent emotional problems. In Arizona, the largest percentages of new births are to Hispanic women, of whom the majority is classified as low-income. Population birth trends in Arizona (and the US as a whole), the magnitude of the public health impact of postpartum mood disorders, and the significant mental health disparities new Hispanic mothers experience argue for the critical need for further understanding of processes affecting the development of postpartum mood disorders in low-income Mexican American women
Keywords: Accounting; Adherence (attribute); Affect; American; Arizona; Arousal; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Birth; burden of illness; Censuses; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Child; Childbirth; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Complex; Country; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Diagnostic; disability; Disadvantaged; Disease; Distress; Emotional; Emotions; Employee Strikes; Ethnic group; ethnic minority population; Evaluation; expectation; experience; Face; Family; Feeling; Future; General Population; Health; health disparity; high risk; Hispanics; Home environment; Infant; Infant Development; Infant Health; innovation; insight; Intervention; Latina; Latino; Life; Literature; longitudinal course; Longitudinal Studies; Low Birth Weight Infant; Low income; Marital Relationships; Measures; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mexican; Mexican Americans; Minority; Minority Groups; Mood Disorders; motherhood; Mothers; Nature; Newborn Infant; Not Hispanic or Latino; Pain; Parenting behavior; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physiology; Population; Population Group; Population Growth; Postpartum Depression; Postpartum Period; prenatal; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Problem behavior; Process; programs; Psychopathology; psychosocial; public health medicine (field); Recovery; Regulation; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Ritual compulsion; Role; Sampling; Shapes; social; Social Problems; socioeconomics; stressor; Symptoms; Time; trend; Vital Statistics; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; World Health Organization
Relevance: Principal Investigator/Program Director (Last, First, Middle): Luecken, Linda J. Public Health Significance Postpartum mood disorders, primarily depression, affect a large number of new mothers. Estimates range from 10-15% in general population samples. However, striking health disparities are evident in studies evaluating low-income and/or ethnic minority mothers, for whom prevalence rates from 24-49% have been reported. A large research literature documents the substantial detrimental public health impact of postpartum depression, not just for women, but for their partners and children as well. According to the World Health Organization (2007), depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and the fourth leading contributor to worldwide burden of disease. Infants and children of mothers who are depressed, especially those experiencing social disadvantage, face considerable short and long-term disadvantage, including lower birth weight, poorer cognitive development, higher rates of behavioral and social problems, and more frequent emotional problems. In Arizona, the largest percentage of new births are to Hispanic women, of whom the majority are classified as low-income. Population birth trends in Arizona (and the US as a whole), the magnitude of the public health impact of postpartum mood disorders, and the significant mental health disparities new Hispanic mothers experience argue for the critical need for further understanding of processes affecting the development of postpartum mood disorders in low-income Mexican American women
Project start date: 2009-02-20
Project end date: 2013-12-31
Budget start date: 1-JAN-2012
Budget end date: 31-DEC-2012
5R01MH083173-04 (2012): $1031705
5R01MH083173-03 (2011): $586838
PHYSIOLOGIC DISTRESS AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC BEHAVIORS IN ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE
A Nancy, Assistant Professor
Johns Hopkins Universitycity: Baltimore country: United States (us)
Grant 5K23NR012017-03 from National Institute Of Nursing Research
Abstract: The aim of this NINR Mentored Patient Oriented Research Career Development Award application is to support my career objective to become an independent nurse investigator specializing in the relationship between neuroendocrine mechanisms and neuropsychiatric features of Alzheimer´s disease (AD). Extensive basic research shows that neuroendocrine factors modulate core behavioral and cognitive processes. Recent findings indicate that neuroendocrine dysregulation influences the presentation of neuropsychiatric symptoms related to advancing AD. I propose a training plan that includes obtaining expertise in adrenocortical assessment, statistical design and analysis of studies integrating biological and behavioral data, and the design and testing of sensory-based interventions to alleviate neuroendocrine distress in older adults with AD. The proposed 3 year research plan represents a unique contribution to the field by merging the scientific insights and technologies gleaned from behavioral and social sciences with approaches from biomedical disciplines. The specific aims of the proposed research are (1) to determine the preliminary efficacy of the sensory based, tactile protocol in alleviating distress in a sample of older adults with AD using neuroendocrine and behavioral responses as endpoints; and (2) to determine the acceptability of the sensory-based protocol based on satisfaction expressed by caregivers. A total of 78 AD patient-family caregiver dyads will be recruited to participate in a randomized wait-list control study. If this study finds evidence of preliminary efficacy and acceptability, an R01 application will be developed to conduct a larger randomized controlled trial. The expectation is that the findings from this program of study will ultimately result in treatments to slow the course and/or manage symptoms of those with advancing AD. The research outlined in this proposal aims to examine the interplay of neuroendocrine responses and neuro-psychiatric symptoms in older adults with dementia and to test novel intervention strategies that can be implemented in real-world contexts to advance dementia care
Keywords: Address; advanced dementia; Advocate; Agitation; Alzheimer`s Disease; American; base; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; behavioral/social science; Benign; Biological; Biomedical Research; career; Caregivers; Caring; Clinical; Cognitive; Communities; Controlled Study; Data; Dementia; design; Development; Discipline; Disease; Disease Progression; Distress; Elderly; expectation; Family Caregiver; Frail Elderly; Frail Older Adults; Gerontology; Glean; Home environment; improved; Individual; insight; International; Intervention; Knowledge; Mediator of activation protein; Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award; Motor; Neuroendocrinology; neuropsychiatry; Neurosecretory Systems; next generation; NIH Program Announcements; novel; Nurses; Outcome; Palliative Care; Parents; patient oriented research; Patients; Physiological; Pilot Projects; Population; Process; Professional Organizations; programs; Protocols documentation; public health relevance; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; response; Risk; Sampling; satisfaction; Sensory; Specificity; Stress; Symptoms; Tactile; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Translating; treatment as usual; Waiting Lists
Relevance: The research outlined in this proposal aims to examine the interplay of neuroendocrine responses and neuro-psychiatric symptoms in older adults with dementia and to test novel intervention strategies that can be implemented in real-world contexts to advance dementia care
Project start date: 2010-09-24
Project end date: 2013-07-31
Budget start date: 3-AUG-2011
Budget end date: 31-JUL-2012
PFA/PA: PA-10-060
5K23NR012017-03 (2011): $122381
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF SQUAMOUS METAPLASIA IN DRY EYE
A Nancy, Asst Adjunct Prof-medcomp-a (
University Of California San Franciscocity: San Francisco country: United States (us)
Grant 2R01EY016203-06 from National Eye Institute
Abstract: In systemic autoimmune diseases like Sj"gren´s syndrome (SS), exocrinopathy of the lacrimal gland leads to an aqueous-deficient dry eye that is among the most common and debilitating clinical manifestations. As dry eye disease progresses, it initiates a multi-step, immune-mediated process that includes two pathological characteristics (1) transdifferentiation a nonkeratinized, mucosal ocular surface to a keratinized, "skin-like" epithelium; and (2) disruption of ocular surface and goblet cell mucins. This process, known as squamous metaplasia (SQM), is a devastating, end-stage consequence of dry eye disease that can cause considerable morbidity as advanced keratinzation couples with subepithelial fibrosis to cause corneal opacification and blindness. While immune-mediated inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of SQM, little is known about the precise immunopathogenic mechanisms, leaving us with treatment strategies that are limited, costly and largely palliative. The goal of our research is to decipher how autoimmune-mediated inflammation provokes vision-threatening SQM. Using three model systems, (i) human patients with SS; (ii) a validated mouse model of spontaneous autoimmune exocrinopathy and keratopathy that mimics the clinical characteristics of SS; and (iii) in vitro studies of cultured corneal epithelial cells, our previous work demonstrated an essential role for autoreactive CD4+ T cells and their interplay with the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 in the pathogenesis of SQM. Yet, the specific mechanism whereby CD4+ T cells and IL-1 promote SQM in autoimmune dry eye remains unknown. To deepen our understanding of the molecular and cellular pathogenic mechanism of immune-mediated SQM, and to identify possible targets for treatment, we seek to (i) determine how CD4+ cells work together with IL-1 to provoke SQM; and (ii) how IL-1 promotes transdifferentiation of the ocular surface epithelium to one that is mucin-depleted and pathologically keratinized. We hypothesize that autoantigen-primed CD4+ T cells work in collaboration with infiltrating monocytes to promote the local release of proinflammatory mediators (e.g., IL-1) that establish and sustain a chronic inflammatory state at the ocular surface. Once established, the local inflammatory response causes ocular surface damage and promotes SQM by disrupting, PAX6, the master regulator of ocular mucosal phenotype and altering the glycosylation and expression of ocular mucins. To test this hypothesis we will (Aim 1) explore infiltrating mononuclear cells as potential cellular intermediate linking antigen-primed CD4+ T cells to the local production of IL-1; (Aim 2) define how IL-1 directs the early stages of pathological keratinization, by studying its effects on the master gene controlling corneal phenotype, Pax6; and (Aim 3) characterize the mechanisms whereby IL-1 alters ocular mucins by identifying key genes regulating glycoconjugate biosynthesis. The overall impact of this work will include a better understanding of the immunopathology of SQM in autoimmune disease that is likely to uncover key events that aid in its early diagnosis and/or treatment. Autoimmune diseases like Sj"gren´s syndrome cause a severe dry eye that is highly recalcitrant to treatment. Despite powerful immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapy, autoimmune dry eye can progress to complete corneal opacification and blindness through a process known as squamous metaplasia. Little is known about the pathogenesis of squamous metaplasia and there is no cure. A better understanding of the underlying disease process would open the possibility of developing novel treatments to prevent corneal blindness
Keywords: Ablation; Anabolism; Antigens; aqueous; Autoantigens; Autoimmune Diseases; autoimmune exocrinopathy; Autoimmune Process; base; Biological Models; biomarker; Blindness; CCL2 gene; CD4 Positive T Lymphocytes; Cells; Characteristics; chemokine receptor; Chronic; Clinical; Collaborations; Cornea; corneal epithelium; Couples; cytokine; Cytology; Data; Development; Dichloromethylene Diphosphonate; Disease; Down-Regulation; Early Diagnosis; Effector Cell; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Event; Eye diseases; eye dryness; Fibrosis; Gene Chips; Genes; Genetic; Glycoconjugates; glycosylation; Goals; Goblet Cells; Histologic; Human; Immune; immunopathology; Immunosuppressive Agents; impression; In Vitro; in vivo; Infiltration; Inflammation; Inflammatory; Inflammatory Response; Interleukin-1; Keratin; keratinization; Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca; Keratopathy; Lacrimal gland structure; Left; Ligands; Link; Liposomes; macrophage; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Molecular; Molecular Profiling; Monitor; monocyte; Mononuclear; Morbidity - disease rate; mouse model; mRNA Expression; Mucins; Mus; novel; Nuclear; Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid; ocular surface; Organ; palliative; Pathogenesis; Pathological Staging; Patients; Phenotype; Polysaccharides; prevent; Process; Production; proline-rich proteins; Proteins; Publishing; Research; Role; Severities; Severity of illness; Signal Transduction; Sjogren`s Syndrome; Skin; Specimen; Squamous Metaplasia; Staging; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome; Syndrome; systemic autoimmune disease; Systemic disease; Testing; transdifferentiation; treatment strategy; Vision; Work
Relevance: Autoimmune diseases like Sj"gren´s syndrome cause a severe dry eye that is highly recalcitrant to treatment. Despite powerful immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapy, autoimmune dry eye can progress to complete corneal opacification and blindness through a process known as squamous metaplasia. Little is known about the pathogenesis of squamous metaplasia and there is no cure. A better understanding of the underlying disease process would open the possibility of developing novel treatments to prevent corneal blindness
Project start date: 2004-12-01
Project end date: 2014-08-31
Budget start date: 1-SEP-2011
Budget end date: 31-AUG-2012
PFA/PA: PA-10-067
2R01EY016203-06 (2011): $347625
GABA-A ALPHA5 COGNITIVE ENHANCERS: PHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROPSYCHOLOGY IN MACAQUES
A Nancy, Professor
Johns Hopkins Universitycity: Baltimore country: United States (us)
Grant 5R01AG027798-04 from National Institute On Aging
Abstract: Cognitive impairment is a debilitating outcome of Alzheimer´s Disease and Minor Cognitive Impairment. Cognitive impairment reduces quality of life and increases treatment costs. Relatively modest increases in cognitive function produce relatively large increases in quality of life and large decreases in cost of care. Palliative treatments enhancing cognitive function would benefit many patients until treatments for their underlying disorders are developed. One promising pharmacological target for such cognitive enhancers is the benzodiazepine (BZ) binding site on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABAA) receptor- complex. Subtype-selective ligands have been developed for the GABAA-a5 BZ receptor (GABAAa5- BZr), which is predominately expressed in the hippocampus, a site important for memory function. Studies in rodent and nonhuman primate memory assays indicate that GABAAa5-BZr inverse agonists improve cognition with few adverse effects. In the proposed studies, 8 rhesus monkeys will be trained to perform tests from the CANTAB nonhuman primate neuropsychological testing battery. 4 monkeys will be also be trained on the delayed-match-to- sample test and implanted with radio-telemetry devices to measure cardiovascular and respiratory responses for dose-ranging studies. The dose-ranging cohort will determine active doses of the compounds in primates and also screen for compounds producing adverse effects prior to full cognitive testing in the CANTAB-trained monkeys. Novel compounds will be tested for toxicity in mice prior to testing in the dose- ranging or CANTAB-trained monkeys. The effects of GABAAa5-BZr ligands on cognitive function in macaques will be determined by pretreatments of GABAAa5-BZr agonists, antagonists and inverse agonists. These studies will test the hypothesis that activity at the GABAAa5-BZr can bi-directionally modulate cognition with agonists impairing cognitive performance and inverse agonists enhancing performance. The regional specificity of the CANTAB neuropsychological test battery will also allow for testing of the hypothesis that GABAAa5-BZr cognitive modulation will occur in tests mediated by temporal brain structures (i.e. the hippocampus) as opposed to tests mediated by frontal cortical structures. In addition, the ability of GABAAa5-BZr inverse agonists to reverse scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment will determine the potential effectiveness of these compounds as treatments for the cognitive impairment produced by Alzheimer´s disease. Understanding the effects of GABAAa5-BZr ligands has important implications to the neuro- pharmacology, neuropsychology and neuroanatomy of cognition and will further development of a novel class of therapeutics for cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer´s disease and Minor Cognitive Impairment
Keywords: Adverse effects; Age; Agonist; Alzheimer`s Disease; Area; Attenuated; Basic Science; Behavioral; Benzodiazepine Receptor; Benzodiazepines; Binding Sites; Biological Assay; Brain; Cardiovascular system; Caring; cholinergic; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; cognitive enhancement; cognitive function; cohort; Complex; cooking; cost; Development; Devices; Dimensions; direct application; Disease; Dose; economic impact; Effectiveness; Evaluation; experience; Family; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus (Brain); Impaired cognition; Impairment; Implant; improved; In Vitro; in vivo; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; Ions; Laboratories; Ligands; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Measures; Mediating; Memory; mild cognitive impairment; Minor; Monkeys; Mus; Neuroanatomy; Neuropharmacology; neuropsychological; Neuropsychological Tests; Neuropsychology; nonhuman primate; Nootropic Agents; novel; Organ; Outcome; Palliative Care; Pathologist; Patients; Performance; Pharmacology; Population; Primates; programs; Quality of life; Radio; receptor; Research; Research Personnel; respiratory; response; Rodent; Rodent Model; Sampling; Scopolamine; Site; Specificity; Structure; Techniques; Telemetry; Testing; Therapeutic; Toxic effect; Toxicity Tests; Training; Translational Research; Treatment Cost; United States
Project start date: 2007-09-01
Project end date: 2012-08-31
Budget start date: 1-SEP-2010
Budget end date: 31-AUG-2011
5R01AG027798-04 (2010): $398617
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
THE EFFECT OF ALTERNATIVE KEYBOARDS ON DISCOMFORT AND TYPING KINEMATICS
A Nancy, Associate Professor
University Of Pittsburgh At Pittsburghcity: Pittsburgh country: United States (us)
Grant 5R01OH008961-03 from National Institute For Occupational Safety And Health
Abstract: Awkward postures during computer keyboard use have been hypothesized to be one cause of musculoskeletal pain/discomfort as well as musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity (MSD-UE). Alternative computer keyboards purport to reduce musculoskeletal pain/discomfort and have been shown to change aspects of keyboard users´ kinematics under laboratory conditions. However, research that has examined the effectiveness of alternative keyboards in reducing musculoskeletal pain/discomfort in the workplace is equivocal, and no study has examined the association between changes in kinematics and changes in musculoskeletal pain/discomfort. The Aims of this 3-year prospective double cross-over trial are 1) to examine the effects of the long-term use of two alternative keyboards on changes in reports of musculoskeletal pain/discomfort and kinematics in comparison to a standard keyboard; 2) to identify which postures and other kinematics variables are associatied with reductions in musculoskeletal pain/discomfort. Seventy-five computer users will be randomly assigned to one of three keyboard use orders Group 1 - ABC (standard keyboard, fixed angle keyboard, adjustable angle keyboard); Group 2 - BCA (fixed angle keyboard, adjustable angle keyboard, standard keyboard); or Group 3 - CAB (adjustable angle keyboard, standard keyboard, fixed angle keyboard). All subjects will use their assigned keyboards for 4-months before switching to the next keyboard. Every week, subjects will report their musculoskeletal discomfort levels. Just prior to and just after each 4-month intervention subjects´ kinematics performances on the keyboards will be recorded in a laboratory setting using 3-dimensional motion capture technology. Relevance Given the lack of research on alternative keyboards, we cannot determine 1) whether the implementation of alternative keyboards causes a long term change in keyboarding kinematics; or 2) whether the implementation of alternative keyboards causes a reduction in musculoskeletal pain/discomfort. Without the answers to these questions, we can not adequately judge whether alternative keyboards actual reduce musculoskeletal pain/discomfort or prevent MSD-UE, as is being advertised to the public. The effectiveness of alternative keyboards must be verified to ensure that they are providing interventions that will reduce musculoskeletal pain/discomfort and potentially prevent MSD-UE
Project start date: 2008-09-01
Project end date: 2012-08-31
Budget start date: 1-SEP-2010
Budget end date: 31-AUG-2012
PFA/PA: PA-04-038
5R01OH008961-03 (2010): $218435
ORAL SELF-DOSING/BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT
A Nancy, Professor
Johns Hopkins Universitycity: Baltimore country: United States (us)
Grant 5U01MH075378-05 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: Approximately 3-5% of children ages 3-17 in the U.S. are diagnosed with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and 4 million children are medicated chronically to treat ADHD. Methylphenidate (MPD) and amphetamine (Amph), control ADHD in the majority of those treated. However, there are concerns over long-lasting developmental changes in behavior, neurochemistry, growth rates and potential for substance abuse in children treated with MPD or Amph. The proposed research will test the hypothesis that chronic MPD or Amph results in long-term behavioral, physiologic and neurochemical alterations in preadolescent rhesus monkeys. Oral self-dosing techniques will provide non-stressful administration of MPD or Amph in doses within the therapeutic window for treatment of ADHD in children. Specific Aim 1 will determine if chronic MPD or Amph alters physiological development of preadolescent monkeys including circadian rhythms, body weights, food intake, and body growth rate. After 18 months of MPD or Amph administration, tests for behavioral sensitization to amphetamine will also be performed. Specific Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that chronic MPD or Amph alters the developing central nervous system including chronic activation of microglia and long-lasting alterations in dopaminergic function in preadolescent monkeys. Measures of dopaminergic function will include levels of dopamine transporters, dopamine D2 receptors and amphetamine-stimulated dopamine release. Specific Aim 3 will determine the effects of chronic MPD or Amph on development of executive function including inhibitory control and attentional set-shifting. Specific Aim 4 will test the hypothesis that monkeys previously exposed to MPD or Amph have a higher propensity to self-administer cocaine. The proposed studies provide a comprehensive interdisciplinary evaluation of the chronic effects of therapeutic doses of MPD and Amph in preadolescent nonhuman primates. These studies will advance understanding of the long-term neurochemical, behavioral and physiologic effects of chronic low-dose stimulant treatments and have direct translational application to the medication of children with ADHD
Keywords: Address; Aftercare; Age; Amphetamines; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Avidity; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; behavioral sensitization; Blood; Body Weight; Characteristics; Child; Chronic; Circadian Rhythms; Cocaine; Cognitive; cognitive function; Control Groups; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Discrimination Learning; Dopamine; Dopamine D2 Receptor; dopamine transporter; Dose; drinking; Eating; Evaluation; executive function; experience; Exposure to; Family; Flavoring; flexibility; Growth; Health; Human; Human Development; Image; improved; Impulsivity; inattention; Intake; Longitudinal Studies; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; male; Measures; Methylphenidate; Microglia; Modeling; Monkeys; Neuraxis; neurochemistry; Neurons; neurotoxicity; nonhuman primate; novel; Oral; Oranges; Patients; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological; Population; Positron-Emission Tomography; Primates; programs; Qualifying; Reaction Time; Research; Research Personnel; research study; response; Retrieval; Self Administration; Self-Administered; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Substance abuse problem; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Effect; Time; Training; Treatment Protocols
Project start date: 2005-08-15
Project end date: 2011-07-31
Budget start date: 1-AUG-2009
Budget end date: 31-JUL-2011
PFA/PA: PAR-04-160
5U01MH075378-05 (2009): $779184
THE REINFORCING AND DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS EFFECTS OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED MDMA
A Nancy, Professor
Johns Hopkins Universitycity: Baltimore country: United States (us)
Grant 5R01DA021616-04 from National Institute On Drug Abuse
Abstract: 1)-3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) is a common drug of abuse that continues to be a public health concern. While the oral route of administration is the most common route used by recreational users, investigations of the reinforcing efficacy and subjective effects of MDMA have rarely used the oral route of MDMA administration. Development of an oral MDMA self-administration model, and a better understanding of how the subjective effects of orally administered MDMA are neurochemically mediated, in a species closely related to humans would significantly enhance our ability to develop pharmacotherapies intended to improve clinical treatment of MDMA abuse. Toward this goal, our first aim is to characterize the relative reinforcing efficacy of orally available MDMA in baboons in two experiments. First, reliable oral self-administration of MDMA will be engendered using a procedure that has been successful in previous studies of psychoactive compounds in baboons. A concentration-response function of orally available MDMA will be compared to vehicle, to d-amphetamine, and to a non-drug oral reinforcer (a fruit drink). In a second experiment, choice procedures will be used to compare multiple concentrations of MDMA to the other reinforcers. These studies will establish the methodology by which reliable, long-term oral MDMA self-administration can be studied experimentally in a nonhuman primate, will determine the range of concentrations across which reinforcement occurs, will determine whether cyclicity in pattern of self-administration develops across days, and will permit comparison to another commonly orally abused stimulant drug, as well as to a preferred non-drug oral reinforcer. Our second aim is to differentiate the discriminative stimulus effects and the neurochemical correlates of a low and a high dose of orally administered MDMA in baboons by use of multiple-dose discrimination procedures. The putatively differential neurochemical changes that occur as a function of lower and higher doses of MDMA administration will be investigated using drug substitution and antagonism testing in baboons trained to discriminate a low or a high dose of MDMA, and then when the baboons are discriminating both doses. We anticipate the discriminative stimulus effects of a low dose of MDMA will differ significantly from those of a high dose of MDMA, as evidenced by the generalization and antagonism profiles for each training dose. These data will be important to our understanding of the extent to which neurochemical mechanisms are mirrored in subjective drug effects in general and for MDMA in particular. The distinguishing features of our proposal are the use of the oral route of MDMA administration under well-controlled laboratory conditions in baboons, and the use of multiple training doses in the investigation of the discriminative stimulus effects of MDMA in baboons. Our proposal will generate data fundamental to the future development of pharmacotherapies for MDMA abuse, thereby contributing to our long-term goal of facilitating treatment of MDMA intoxication, overdose, and use/abuse
Keywords: Acute; Amphetamines; Area; base; Behavioral; Clinical; Clinical Treatment; Complement; Data; Development; Dextroamphetamine; Discrimination (Psychology); Dopamine; Dose; drinking; drug discrimination; drug of abuse; Drug usage; ecstasy; experience; Fruit; Future; Goals; Hallucinogens; Human; improved; insight; Intoxication; Intravenous; Investigation; Laboratories; Laboratory Animals; Mediating; Methodology; Modeling; National Institute of Drug Abuse; neurochemistry; Neurotransmitters; non-drug; nonhuman primate; Oral; Oranges; Overdose; Papio; Pattern; Periodicity; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacological Treatment; Pharmacotherapy; pre-clinical; Probability; Procedures; Psychological reinforcement; Psychotropic Drugs; public health medicine (field); reinforcer; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; research study; response; Rodent; Route; Self Administration; Self-Administered; Serotonin; stimulant abuse; Stimulus; Stimulus Generalization; System; Testing; Training
Project start date: 2008-05-01
Project end date: 2013-02-28
Budget start date: 1-MAY-2011
Budget end date: 30-APR-2012
PFA/PA: PA-07-112
5R01DA021616-04 (2011): $361658
PHYSIOLOGIC DISTRESS AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC BEHAVIORS IN ALZHEIMER´S DISEASE
A Nancy, Assistant Professor
Johns Hopkins Universitycity: Baltimore country: United States (us)
Grant 7K23NR012017-02 from National Institute Of Nursing Research
Project start date: 2010-09-24
Project end date: 2013-07-31
Budget start date: 25-FEB-2011
Budget end date: 31-JUL-2011
PFA/PA: PA-10-060
7K23NR012017-02 (2010): $126849