SLEEP DEPRIVATION AND ENERGY BALANCE
Marie-pierre St-onge, Research Associate
St. Luke´s-roosevelt Inst For Hlth Scis, 432 West 58th St, New York, Ny 10019
Grant 5R01HL091352-02 from National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute
Abstract: Recent epidemiological studies show that short sleep duration (d5-7 h/night) correlates with overweight and obesity, such that individuals with short sleep periods tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than those who sleep 8-9 h/night. The mechanism for this relationship is currently unknown. However, energy balance must be disrupted to produce weight gain. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of short sleep duration, 4 h/night, relative to habitual sleep duration of 8-9 h/night, on energy balance. The major aims of this study are to compare energy expenditure and energy intake during the periods of habitual and short sleep duration and to examine the neural and hormonal pathways involved in eating behavior under periods of habitual and short sleep. Men and women, 30-45 y and BMI {22-25} kg/m2, will be recruited to participate in this randomized, crossover study of short and habitual sleep periods. During each period of {5} nights, subjects will be required to sleep at the laboratory under supervision. During this time, subjects will be total inpatients to ensure compliance with the protocol. Each sleep duration period will be separated by a 2-4-wk washout period. On the first day of each phase, subjects will be given a dose of doubly-labeled water to measure free-living energy expenditure over the 6-d period. {During the first 4 days, energy intake will be controlled and meals served at fixed times. The last 2 days will be ad libitum feeding of self-selected meals.} Hormones, including leptin, insulin, ghrelin, {PYY, adiponectin, and GLP-1} will be assessed daily in the fasted state {and, on day 4, over a 24- hour period, while subjects are consuming a controlled diet with fixed meal times}. Functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements of brain activity in response to food stimuli will be done on day 5 to examine brain regions associated with motivation to eat. On day 5, subjects will undergo measurements of {basal metabolic rate using indirect calorimetry}. Ad libitum energy intakes will be assessed on days 5 and 6. Polysomnographic monitoring will be performed nightly {to assess sleep duration}. Mediation analyses will allow us to determine whether hormone levels are related to and predictive of energy expenditure and energy intake data. The measurements performed in this study will allow us to determine how reduced sleep periods can impact energy balance and potentially lead to changes in body weight. As such, it will provide comprehensive information of the neural, physiological, hormonal, and behavioral networks related to energy balance and which are affected by sleep duration. Observational and epidemiological studies have found a link between obesity and short sleep duration with the prevalence of both increasing in the past decades. At this time, it is unknown whether short sleep is a cause of obesity and how short sleep would lead to obesity. Some studies associate short sleep with increased levels of hormone that stimulate appetite. This study will examine how food intake and energy expenditure can be modified by sleep duration as a means of understanding a potential causal pathway
Keywords: 0-11 years old; 21+ years old; ACRP30 protein; Adult; Affect; Age; Amygdala; Amygdaloid Body; Amygdaloid Nucleus; Amygdaloid structure; Appetite stimulated; Area; BMI percentile; BMI z-score; Basal Metabolism; Basal metabolic rate; Behavioral; Body Weight; Body mass index; Brain; Brain region; Caloric Intake; Calorimetry, Indirect; Calorimetry, Respiration; Central Lobe; Chemotherapy-Hormones/Steroids; Child; Child Youth; Children (0-21); Cross-Over Studies; Cross-Over Trials; Crossover Studies; Crossover Trials; D-Glucose; Data; Dextrose; Diet; Dose; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotions; Encephalon; Encephalons; Endocrine Gland Secretion; Energy Expenditure; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Ensure; Epidemiologic Research; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiological Studies; Epidemiology Research; Equation; Expenditure; Fasting; Feeding behaviors; Food; Food Intake; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; GLP-1; Glucose; Goals; Hormonal; Hormones; Hour; Human, Adult; Human, Child; Humulin R; Hydrogen Oxide; Increased food appetite; Indirect Calorimetry; Individual; Ingestive Behavior; Inpatients; Insula; Insula of Reil; Insulin; Insulin (ox), 8A-L-threonine-10A-L-isoleucine-30B-L-threonine-; Insulin, Regular; Intake; Island of Reil; Label; Laboratories; Lead; Leptin; Life; Link; MRI, Functional; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional; Measurement; Measures; Mediation; Monitor; Monitoring, Sleep; Motivation; Negotiating; Negotiation; Nervous; Nervous System, Brain; Novolin R; Ob Gene Product; Ob Protein; Obese Gene Product; Obese Protein; Obesity; Over weight; Overweight; PYY Peptide; Pathway interactions; Pb element; Peptide YY; Phase; Physiologic; Physiological; Polysomnography; Prevalence; Protocol; Protocols documentation; Quetelet index; R01 Mechanism; R01 Program; RPG; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Relative; Relative (related person); Research Grants; Research Project Grants; Research Projects; Research Projects, R-Series; Side; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Somnography; Stimulus; Supervision; Therapeutic Hormone; Time; Water; Weight Gain; Weight Increase; Woman; adipocyte complement-related protein 30-kDa; adipocyte, C1q and collagen domain containing protein; adiponectin; adiposity; adult human (21+); adult youth; amygdaloid nuclear complex; apM-1 protein; apM1 (adipose-specific) protein; body weight gain; body weight increase; caloric dietary content; children; corpulence; corpulency; corpulentia; energy balance; fMRI; fasted; fasts; feeding; feeding-related behaviors; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide 1; heavy metal Pb; heavy metal lead; increased appetite; increased hunger; men; men`s; neural; nutrient intake activity; ob/ob mouse; obese; obese people; obese person; obese population; pathway; polysomnographic; proglucagon (72-108); proglucagon (78-107); proglucagon (78-107)amide; public health relevance; randomisation; randomization; randomly assigned; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; resting metabolic rate; sleep measurement; sleep polysomnography; wt gain; young adult; youngster
Project start date: 2008-07-15
Project end date: 2012-04-30
Budget start date: 1-MAY-2009
Budget end date: 30-APR-2010
PFA/PA: PA-07-070
5R01HL091352-02 (2009): $606239
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
SLEEP DEPRIVATION AND ENERGY BALANCE
Marie-pierre St-onge, Research Associate
St. Luke´s-roosevelt Inst For Hlth Scis, 432 West 58th St, New York, Ny 10019
Grant 5R01HL091352-03 from National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute
Abstract: Recent epidemiological studies show that short sleep duration (d5-7 h/night) correlates with overweight and obesity, such that individuals with short sleep periods tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than those who sleep 8-9 h/night. The mechanism for this relationship is currently unknown. However, energy balance must be disrupted to produce weight gain. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of short sleep duration, 4 h/night, relative to habitual sleep duration of 8-9 h/night, on energy balance. The major aims of this study are to compare energy expenditure and energy intake during the periods of habitual and short sleep duration and to examine the neural and hormonal pathways involved in eating behavior under periods of habitual and short sleep. Men and women, 30-45 y and BMI {22-25} kg/m2, will be recruited to participate in this randomized, crossover study of short and habitual sleep periods. During each period of {5} nights, subjects will be required to sleep at the laboratory under supervision. During this time, subjects will be total inpatients to ensure compliance with the protocol. Each sleep duration period will be separated by a 2-4-wk washout period. On the first day of each phase, subjects will be given a dose of doubly-labeled water to measure free-living energy expenditure over the 6-d period. {During the first 4 days, energy intake will be controlled and meals served at fixed times. The last 2 days will be ad libitum feeding of self-selected meals.} Hormones, including leptin, insulin, ghrelin, {PYY, adiponectin, and GLP-1} will be assessed daily in the fasted state {and, on day 4, over a 24- hour period, while subjects are consuming a controlled diet with fixed meal times}. Functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements of brain activity in response to food stimuli will be done on day 5 to examine brain regions associated with motivation to eat. On day 5, subjects will undergo measurements of {basal metabolic rate using indirect calorimetry}. Ad libitum energy intakes will be assessed on days 5 and 6. Polysomnographic monitoring will be performed nightly {to assess sleep duration}. Mediation analyses will allow us to determine whether hormone levels are related to and predictive of energy expenditure and energy intake data. The measurements performed in this study will allow us to determine how reduced sleep periods can impact energy balance and potentially lead to changes in body weight. As such, it will provide comprehensive information of the neural, physiological, hormonal, and behavioral networks related to energy balance and which are affected by sleep duration. Observational and epidemiological studies have found a link between obesity and short sleep duration with the prevalence of both increasing in the past decades. At this time, it is unknown whether short sleep is a cause of obesity and how short sleep would lead to obesity. Some studies associate short sleep with increased levels of hormone that stimulate appetite. This study will examine how food intake and energy expenditure can be modified by sleep duration as a means of understanding a potential causal pathway
Keywords: 0-11 years old; 21+ years old; ACRP30 protein; Adult; Affect; Age; Amygdala; Amygdaloid Body; Amygdaloid Nucleus; Amygdaloid structure; Appetite stimulated; Area; BMI percentile; BMI z-score; Basal Metabolism; Basal metabolic rate; Behavioral; Body Weight; Body mass index; Brain; Brain region; Caloric Intake; Calorimetry, Indirect; Calorimetry, Respiration; Central Lobe; Chemotherapy-Hormones/Steroids; Child; Child Youth; Children (0-21); Cross-Over Studies; Cross-Over Trials; Crossover Studies; Crossover Trials; D-Glucose; Data; Dextrose; Diet; Dose; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotions; Encephalon; Encephalons; Endocrine Gland Secretion; Energy Expenditure; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Ensure; Epidemiologic Research; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiological Studies; Epidemiology Research; Equation; Expenditure; Fasting; Feeding behaviors; Food; Food Intake; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; GLP-1; Glucose; Goals; Hormonal; Hormones; Hour; Human, Adult; Human, Child; Humulin R; Hydrogen Oxide; Increased food appetite; Indirect Calorimetry; Individual; Ingestive Behavior; Inpatients; Insula; Insula of Reil; Insulin; Insulin (ox), 8A-L-threonine-10A-L-isoleucine-30B-L-threonine-; Insulin, Regular; Intake; Island of Reil; Label; Laboratories; Lead; Leptin; Life; Link; MRI, Functional; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional; Measurement; Measures; Mediation; Monitor; Monitoring, Sleep; Motivation; Negotiating; Negotiation; Nervous; Nervous System, Brain; Novolin R; Ob Gene Product; Ob Protein; Obese Gene Product; Obese Protein; Obesity; Over weight; Overweight; PYY Peptide; Pathway interactions; Pb element; Peptide YY; Phase; Physiologic; Physiological; Polysomnography; Prevalence; Protocol; Protocols documentation; Quetelet index; R01 Mechanism; R01 Program; RPG; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Relative; Relative (related person); Research Grants; Research Project Grants; Research Projects; Research Projects, R-Series; Side; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Somnography; Stimulus; Supervision; Therapeutic Hormone; Time; Water; Weight Gain; Weight Increase; Woman; adipocyte complement-related protein 30-kDa; adipocyte, C1q and collagen domain containing protein; adiponectin; adiposity; adult human (21+); adult youth; amygdaloid nuclear complex; apM-1 protein; apM1 (adipose-specific) protein; body weight gain; body weight increase; caloric dietary content; children; corpulence; corpulency; corpulentia; energy balance; fMRI; fasted; fasts; feeding; feeding-related behaviors; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide 1; heavy metal Pb; heavy metal lead; increased appetite; increased hunger; men; men`s; neural; nutrient intake activity; ob/ob mouse; obese; obese people; obese person; obese population; pathway; polysomnographic; proglucagon (72-108); proglucagon (78-107); proglucagon (78-107)amide; public health relevance; randomisation; randomization; randomly assigned; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; resting metabolic rate; sleep measurement; sleep polysomnography; wt gain; young adult; youngster
Project start date: 2008-07-15
Project end date: 2012-04-30
Budget start date: 1-MAY-2010
Budget end date: 30-APR-2011
PFA/PA: PA-07-070
5R01HL091352-03 (2010): $607191
Grants awarded to Marie-pierre St-onge
Impact Of Feeding On Brain Response To Food Stimuli In Lean And Obese Subjects
Marie-pierre St-onge
St. Luke´s-roosevelt Inst For Hlth Scis
new York, Ny 10019
Grant 7R03NS051397-02 from National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke IRG: ZRG1
Abstract: The study of appetite in humans has previously been confined to the use of visual analog scales and food intake measurements. With the use of new brain imaging techniques, we can now examine brain activity in response to food stimuli in vivo. We have recently developed and tested a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) protocol to study brain responses to food stimuli. We propose to use this protocol to examine and compare brain responses to food stimuli in lean and obese subjects in the fasted and fed states. Twelve lean and 12 obese women will be scanned after an overnight fast and after a standard meal. The fMRI protocol will consist of a block design in which subjects will be scanned when viewing real foods and non- food items and when touching foods and non-food items. After the fasting fMRI protocol, lean and obese subjects will consume a liquid meal providing them with 35% of their estimated energy requirements. The meal will be consumed within a 20-minute period and the subsequent fMRI scan will be taken 30 minutes following meal consumption. Brain regions that are more robustly activated both visually and tactilely with food but not also activated visually and tactilely with non-foods will be considered to be activated due to foods. These studies will allow us to examine differences in individual´s brain responses based on their body weight and feeding status. If brain responses to food stimuli are different between lean and obese individuals, the long-term goals are to determine whether the brain responses of obese individuals to food stimuli can be modified with weight loss and to examine whether there are differences in brain responses to food stimuli between healthy lean individuals and anorexics. Results of this study will help create the foundation for the study of integrative responses to foods at the whole brain level in humans and will set the stage for a series of innovative experimental paradigms
Project start date: 2006-03-15
Project end date: 2009-01-31
7R03NS051397-02 (2007): $78942
1R03NS051397-01A1 (2006): $72750
SLEEP DEPRIVATION AND ENERGY BALANCE
Marie-pierre St-onge, Research Associate
St. Luke´s-roosevelt Inst For Hlth Scis, 432 West 58th St, New York, Ny 10019
Grant 3R01HL091352-01A1S1 from National Heart, Lung, And Blood Institute
Abstract: Recent epidemiological studies show that short sleep duration (d5-7 h/night) correlates with overweight and obesity, such that individuals with short sleep periods tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than those who sleep 8-9 h/night. The mechanism for this relationship is currently unknown. However, energy balance must be disrupted to produce weight gain. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of short sleep duration, 4 h/night, relative to habitual sleep duration of 8-9 h/night, on energy balance. The major aims of this study are to compare energy expenditure and energy intake during the periods of habitual and short sleep duration and to examine the neural and hormonal pathways involved in eating behavior under periods of habitual and short sleep. Men and women, 30-45 y and BMI {22-25} kg/m2, will be recruited to participate in this randomized, crossover study of short and habitual sleep periods. During each period of {5} nights, subjects will be required to sleep at the laboratory under supervision. During this time, subjects will be total inpatients to ensure compliance with the protocol. Each sleep duration period will be separated by a 2-4-wk washout period. On the first day of each phase, subjects will be given a dose of doubly-labeled water to measure free-living energy expenditure over the 6-d period. {During the first 4 days, energy intake will be controlled and meals served at fixed times. The last 2 days will be ad libitum feeding of self-selected meals.} Hormones, including leptin, insulin, ghrelin, {PYY, adiponectin, and GLP-1} will be assessed daily in the fasted state {and, on day 4, over a 24- hour period, while subjects are consuming a controlled diet with fixed meal times}. Functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements of brain activity in response to food stimuli will be done on day 5 to examine brain regions associated with motivation to eat. On day 5, subjects will undergo measurements of {basal metabolic rate using indirect calorimetry}. Ad libitum energy intakes will be assessed on days 5 and 6. Polysomnographic monitoring will be performed nightly {to assess sleep duration}. Mediation analyses will allow us to determine whether hormone levels are related to and predictive of energy expenditure and energy intake data. The measurements performed in this study will allow us to determine how reduced sleep periods can impact energy balance and potentially lead to changes in body weight. As such, it will provide comprehensive information of the neural, physiological, hormonal, and behavioral networks related to energy balance and which are affected by sleep duration. Observational and epidemiological studies have found a link between obesity and short sleep duration with the prevalence of both increasing in the past decades. At this time, it is unknown whether short sleep is a cause of obesity and how short sleep would lead to obesity. Some studies associate short sleep with increased levels of hormone that stimulate appetite. This study will examine how food intake and energy expenditure can be modified by sleep duration as a means of understanding a potential causal pathway
Keywords: 0-11 years old; 21+ years old; ACRP30 protein; Adult; Affect; Age; Amygdala; Amygdaloid Body; Amygdaloid Nucleus; Amygdaloid structure; Appetite stimulated; Area; BMI percentile; BMI z-score; Basal Metabolism; Basal metabolic rate; Behavioral; Body Weight; Body mass index; Brain; Brain region; Caloric Intake; Calorimetry, Indirect; Calorimetry, Respiration; Central Lobe; Chemotherapy-Hormones/Steroids; Child; Child Youth; Children (0-21); Cross-Over Studies; Cross-Over Trials; Crossover Studies; Crossover Trials; D-Glucose; Data; Dextrose; Diet; Dose; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotions; Encephalon; Encephalons; Endocrine Gland Secretion; Energy Expenditure; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Ensure; Epidemiologic Research; Epidemiologic Studies; Epidemiological Studies; Epidemiology Research; Equation; Expenditure; Fasting; Feeding behaviors; Food; Food Intake; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; GLP-1; Glucose; Goals; Hormonal; Hormones; Hour; Human, Adult; Human, Child; Humulin R; Hydrogen Oxide; Increased food appetite; Indirect Calorimetry; Individual; Ingestive Behavior; Inpatients; Insula; Insula of Reil; Insulin; Insulin (ox), 8A-L-threonine-10A-L-isoleucine-30B-L-threonine-; Insulin, Regular; Intake; Island of Reil; Label; Laboratories; Lead; Leptin; Life; Link; MRI, Functional; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional; Measurement; Measures; Mediation; Monitor; Monitoring, Sleep; Motivation; Negotiating; Negotiation; Nervous; Nervous System, Brain; Novolin R; Ob Gene Product; Ob Protein; Obese Gene Product; Obese Protein; Obesity; Over weight; Overweight; PYY Peptide; Pathway interactions; Pb element; Peptide YY; Phase; Physiologic; Physiological; Polysomnography; Prevalence; Protocol; Protocols documentation; Quetelet index; R01 Mechanism; R01 Program; RPG; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Relative; Relative (related person); Research Grants; Research Project Grants; Research Projects; Research Projects, R-Series; Side; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Somnography; Stimulus; Supervision; Therapeutic Hormone; Time; Water; Weight Gain; Weight Increase; Woman; adipocyte complement-related protein 30-kDa; adipocyte, C1q and collagen domain containing protein; adiponectin; adiposity; adult human (21+); adult youth; amygdaloid nuclear complex; apM-1 protein; apM1 (adipose-specific) protein; body weight gain; body weight increase; caloric dietary content; children; corpulence; corpulency; corpulentia; energy balance; fMRI; fasted; fasts; feeding; feeding-related behaviors; ghrelin; glucagon-like peptide 1; heavy metal Pb; heavy metal lead; increased appetite; increased hunger; men; men`s; neural; nutrient intake activity; ob/ob mouse; obese; obese people; obese person; obese population; pathway; polysomnographic; proglucagon (72-108); proglucagon (78-107); proglucagon (78-107)amide; public health relevance; randomisation; randomization; randomly assigned; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; resting metabolic rate; sleep measurement; sleep polysomnography; wt gain; young adult; youngster
Project start date: 2009-07-01
Project end date: 2011-06-30
Budget start date: 1-JUL-2009
Budget end date: 30-JUN-2011
PFA/PA: PA-07-070
3R01HL091352-01A1S1 (2009): $278981