Michael F Green
University Of California Los Angeles
Project start date: 2003-05-01
Project end date: 2014-01-31
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
The Genetics Of Endophenotypes And Schizophrenia
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles Office Of Research Administration Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 5R01MH065707-05 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: ZRG1
Abstract: Neurobiological deficits that serve as informative endophenotype markers have been demonstrated in schizophrenia by a number of different paradigms. Neurophysiological deficits are prominent in P50 event related suppression, prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response, and the antisaccade (AS) task for eye movement dysfunction. Neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia are revealed by poor performance on the CPT, verbal memory, and tests of working memory. Each of these deficits has also been demonstrated in clinically unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients, which is evidence that they may reflect part of the heritable risk for the illness. This conclusion is reinforced by findings of deficits in non-psychotic, unmedicated schizophrenia patients, and schizotypal patients. The null hypothesis is that all 6 deficits reflect a single, common underlying heritable dysfunction in all schizophrenia patients. A test of that hypothesis requires measurement of all of these deficits in the same group of schizophrenia patient probands and their relatives. If they are all manifestations of the same genetic dysfunction (although perhaps expressed in different brain areas), then a multivariate analysis would show that they all contribute to a single dimension in both relatives and schizophrenia patients. An alternative hypothesis is that only one or a small subset of deficits is present in each family, which is consistent with the heterogeneity found in current genetic linkage studies. In that case, the multivariate analysis would show the different measures or subsets of them loading onto different dimensions. Schizophrenia itself is likely to be the result of multiple deficits in any individual. Therefore, the analysis is performed in the same cohort of schizophrenia patient probands and their relatives to take advantage of Mendel s second law, which holds that genetically independent deficits segregate independently. Hence, although schizophrenia patient probands themselves have multiple deficits, if the deficits are caused by different genetic factors, then they will segregate to different groups of relatives. This 7 site collaborative RO1 project will gather a combined total of 420 pedigrees (1680 subjects) and 525 normal subjects over 5 years (each site will contribute 1/7th of these totals). Findings of heritable deficits in specific measures will be used to guide the next generation of studies of the genetics of schizophrenia.
Keywords: behavioral genetics, family genetics, phenotype, schizophrenia, genetic susceptibility, neurobiology, behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, human genetic material tag, human subject, patient oriented research, psychological test
Project start date: 2003-05-01
Project end date: 2009-02-28
5R01MH065707-05 (2007): $444675
5R01MH065707-04 (2006): $448784
5R01MH065707-03 (2005): $450466
5R01MH065707-02 (2004): $441614
Grants awarded to Michael F Green
EARLY VISUAL PROCESSING IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles, Office Of Research Administration, Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 5R01MH043292-20 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: We propose to continue a bi-directional research program that starts with careful characterization of visual processing deficits in schizophrenia and moves systematically into exploration of neural substrates on the one hand and functional outcome on the other. Our research program rests on the premise that considerable information about schizophrenia can be obtained by a close examination of a well- characterized neurocognitive deficit, in the case of this research program, it is early visual processing. The current application takes this program of research in three new directions First, we plan to assess separately feed forward and reentrant processes of visual processing. Feed forward processes involve the flow of information from retina to and through visual cortex. Reentrant processes, which have become a focus in cognitive science, involve iterative feedforward-feedback processing loops within the cortex. We will examine these processes with performance, electrophysiological, and functional neuroimaging approaches. Second, we will move beyond the earliest components of visual processing that are assessed with visual masking tasks to consider visual short-term memory. Our masking procedures have typically assessed the first 150 ms of visual processing, whereas visual short-term memory represents the first 200 - 500 ms of processing. We will assess this component with versions of the attentional blink task that can be administered during EEC recordings and in the fMRI scanner. Third, we will apply structural equation modeling to explore further the paths between early visual processing and functional outcome in schizophrenia. Our previous studies have reported consistent relationships between early visual processing and social cognition, and between social cognition and functional outcome. Structural equation modeling which is very well suited for these questions, but requires large sample sizes. To accomplish these goals, we plan to recruit 200 patients with schizophrenia and 60 healthy comparison subjects over the 5 years of the project. Subjects will receive interviews, assessments of visual processing (visual masking and attentional blink), and electrophysiology (EEC during visual processing tasks). A subset of participants will receive visual processing tasks in the fMRI scanner. Knowledge from this research program will lead to information on the underlying neural substrates of visual processing in schizophrenia and may lead to innovative treatments, as well as alternative ways of developing and testing new treatments. Knowledge of the relationships between perceptual deficits and daily activities and the mechanisms for these relationships will help us to understand limitations on functional outcome in schizophrenia, help make predictions about outcome, and lead to design of targeted interventions
Keywords: 12p; 16p; Accounting; Activities of Daily Living; Activities of everyday life; Anterior; Area; Attention; Attenuated; Behavioral; Biological; Blinking; Brain Mapping; Brain region; California; Chromosome 12 Proximal Arm; Chromosome 12 Short Arm; Chromosome 16 Proximal Arm; Chromosome 16 Short Arm; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive Science; Cognitive deficits; Collaborations; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Set; Dataset; EP300; EP300 gene; Electrophysiology; Electrophysiology (science); Equation; Event; FIRST Award; Feedback; First Independent Research Support and Transition Awards; First Independent Research Support and Transition Awards (R29); Follow-Up Studies; Followup Studies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Genetic; Goals; Grant; Hand; Head; IQ Deficit; Image; Image Analyses; Image Analysis; Individual; Inferior; Institutes; Interruption; Intervention; Intervention Strategies; Interview; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lateral; Lead; Light; Link; MRI, Functional; Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Functional; Manias; Manic; Manic State; Masks; Measures; Mediator; Mediator of Activation; Mediator of activation protein; Memory; Memory, Immediate; Memory, Short-Term; Memory, Shortterm; Methods; Modeling; Models, Structural; NIMH; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); Nature; Nervous; Neurocognitive Deficit; Neurophysiology / Electrophysiology; Outcome; Outcome Assessment (Health Care); Outcomes Assessment; Parietal; Participant; Patients; Pb element; Performance; Phase; Photoradiation; Physical Health Services / Rehabilitation; Problem Solving; Procedures; Process; Programs (PT); Programs [Publication Type]; Protocol; Protocols documentation; Psychopathology; Quality Control; R29 Mechanism; R29 Program; ROC Analysis; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation; Rehabilitation therapy; Rehabilitation, Medical; Reporting; Research; Rest; Retina; Role; Sample Size; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Disorders; Scientist; Screening procedure; Short-Term Memory; Siblings; Sight; Structural Models; System; System, LOINC Axis 4; Testing; Texas; Thalamic structure; Thalamus; United States National Institute of Mental Health; Universities; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Perception; Work; abnormal psychology; attentional modulation; authority; base; cognitive psychology; computerized; daily living functionality; dementia praecox; design; designing; endophenotype; extrastriate visual cortex; eye blink; eyeblink; fMRI; feeding; functional ability; functional capacity; functional outcomes; functional status; genetic risk factor; heavy metal Pb; heavy metal lead; hemodynamics; image evaluation; imaging; inherited factor; innovate; innovation; innovative; interest; interventional strategy; neural; neuroimaging; neuropsychiatric; neuropsychiatry; p300; programs; psychopharmacologic; psychopharmacological; recruit; rehabilitative; relating to nervous system; response; schizophrenic; screening; screenings; social cognition; social role; thalamic; visual cortical; visual process; visual processing; working memory
Project start date: 1988-08-01
Project end date: 2011-04-30
Budget start date: 1-MAY-2010
Budget end date: 30-APR-2011
5R01MH043292-20 (2010): $344875
5R01MH043292-19 (2009): $354635
5R01MH043292-17 (2007): $347655
2R01MH043292-16 (2006): $345981
SOCIAL COGNITION AND FUNCTIONING IN BIPOLAR DISORDER
Michael F Green
Brentwood Biomedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, Ca 90073
Grant 5RC1MH089634-02 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: This proposal is being submitted under challenge area "03 Biomarker discovery and validation" with the specific topic "03-MH-101 Biomarkers in mental disorders." It will lead to the hiring or retention of three fulltime staff members. In addition to the challenge area from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the current proposal is consistent with two of the four objectives of the NIMH Strategic Plan Objective 1 (Promote Discovery in Brain and Behavioral Sciences) and Objective 3 (Develop New and Better Interventions that Incorporate the Diverse Needs and Circumstances of People with Mental Illnesses). It is increasingly clear that recent advances in the treatment of the clinical symptoms of bipolar disorder (BPD) have not improved its functional outcome, which remains disappointing. BPD is highly disabling; based on recent data from the World Health Organization, BPD is the 7th leading cause of years lost to disability for men, and the 8th leading cause for women. Studies suggest that the functional recovery for BPD is no better now, and may even be worse, than it was 30 years ago. This poor functional outcome has little to do with the mood symptoms or mood syndromes. Instead, other factors must be involved, but have yet to be identified. The overarching challenge and knowledge gap addressed by this grant is that we do not know the determinants of daily functioning in BPD. In fact, there are no evidence-based strategies for improving functioning in BPD, resulting in a therapeutic gap. An extensive literature in schizophrenia research has established that basic (non-social) cognition is a key determinant of functional outcome in schizophrenia and that social cognition acts as a mediator between basic cognition and functioning. Hence, to resolve this critical gap and understand the determinants of functioning in BPD, we need to bridge two other gaps. First, we need a much better understanding of social cognition in BPD. Second, it is critical to understand how social cognition influences daily functioning in BPD. Identifying these determinants of outcome is a necessary first step before we can start to develop effective treatments to improve functional outcome in this disorder. To accomplish the goals of this project, we assembled a group of clinical scientists with experience in recruiting and assessing BPD and schizophrenia samples and the necessary range of expertise (performance assessment in chronic mental illness, clinical trial design, electrophysiology, social neuroscience, and biostatistics). Study aims will be evaluated over 2 years in a sample of 48 euthymic BPD outpatients and 36 healthy controls. We will also include 36 clinically stable schizophrenia outpatients to evaluate the relative magnitude of any impairment in BPD. Participants will be recruited from the Mood Disorder Clinic and Schizophrenia Clinic at UCLA, and mental health clinics at the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System. The goals of the project will be achieved by assessing participants on five types of measures social cognition (performance and EEG), early visual perception, basic cognition, clinical, and functional. This project has three aims For the first aim, we will evaluate the level and pattern of impairment relative to healthy controls of social cognition biomarkers in euthymic BPD patients using performance measures from two separate domains of social cognition (recognizing social-affective stimuli, and making high-level mental inferences) and an EEG procedure. We hypothesize that BPD patients will show clear deficits on these procedures. For the second aim, we will evaluate whether euthymic BPD patients show impairment compared with healthy controls on factors that influence social cognition, including basic cognition and early visual perception. For the third aim, we will evaluate associations within the BPD sample among social cognition, its determinants (basic cognition, early visual perception) and functioning (functional capacity and community functioning). The activities in this proposal are early, but critical, steps toward larger research goals. The disability of BPD is substantial and represents an unmet therapeutic need. The longer-term objective of this research program is to understand the mechanisms and identify the determinants of functioning in BPD so that this information can guide new pharmacological and training approaches to improve functioning in this disorder. The disability of bipolar disorder is substantial and represents an unmet therapeutic need -- there are no evidence-based strategies for improving functioning in bipolar disorder. The goal of this grant is to identify important determinants of daily functioning in bipolar disorder, with a focus on social cognition. The long-term objective of this research program is to understand the mechanisms and identify the determinants of functioning in bipolar disorder and to use this information to guide new pharmacological and training approaches to improve functioning in this disorder
Keywords: Accounting; Activities of Daily Living; Activities of everyday life; Address; Affective; Affective Disorders; Affective Psychosis, Bipolar; American; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral Sciences; Biometrics; Biometry; Biometry and Biostatistics; Biostatistics; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Chronic; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Treatment; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials Design; Clinical Trials, Unspecified; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Disturbance; Cognitive Impairment; Cognitive decline; Cognitive deficits; Cognitive function abnormal; Communities; Data; Disease; Disorder; Disturbance in cognition; EEG; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology; Electrophysiology (science); Emotions; Encephalon; Encephalons; Face; Goals; Grant; Healthcare Systems; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Intervention; Intervention Strategies; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Literature; Los Angeles; Measures; Mediator; Mediator of Activation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mental Hygiene; Mental disorders; Mental health disorders; Mood Disorders; Moods; NIMH; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); Nervous System, Brain; Neurophysiology / Electrophysiology; Operation; Operative Procedures; Operative Surgical Procedures; Out-patients; Outcome; Outpatients; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Pb element; Performance; Procedures; Process; Programs (PT); Programs [Publication Type]; Psyche structure; Psychiatric Disease; Psychiatric Disorder; Psychological Health; Psychosis, Manic-Depressive; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Recruitment Activity; Relative; Relative (related person); Research; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Disorders; Scientist; Social Interaction; Social support; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Surgical; Surgical Interventions; Surgical Procedure; Symptoms; Syndrome; Systems, Health Care; Therapeutic; Time; Training; United States National Institute of Mental Health; Unspecified Mental Disorder; Validation; Visual Perception; WHO; Woman; World Health Organization; base; biomarker; bipolar affective disorder; clinical investigation; cognitive dysfunction; cognitive loss; cognitively impaired; daily functioning; daily living functionality; dementia praecox; disability; disease/disorder; effective therapy; evidence base; experience; facial; functional ability; functional capacity; functional outcomes; functional recovery; heavy metal Pb; heavy metal lead; improved; improved functioning; interventional strategy; manic depressive disorder; manic depressive illness; member; men; men`s; mental; mental illness; neural circuit; neural circuitry; pathway; programs; psychological disorder; public health relevance; recruit; response; schizophrenic; social; social cognition; social neuroscience; social support network; statistics/biometry; surgery; translational approach; trial regimen; trial treatment; visual process; visual processing
Relevance: The disability of bipolar disorder is substantial and represents an unmet therapeutic need -- there are no evidence-based strategies for improving functioning in bipolar disorder. The goal of this grant is to identify important determinants of daily functioning in bipolar disorder, with a focus on social cognition. The long-term objective of this research program is to understand the mechanisms and identify the determinants of functioning in bipolar disorder and to use this information to guide new pharmacological and training approaches to improve functioning in this disorder
Project start date: 2009-09-30
Project end date: 2011-08-31
Budget start date: 1-SEP-2010
Budget end date: 31-AUG-2011
PFA/PA: RFA-OD-09-003
5RC1MH089634-02 (2010): $439652
1RC1MH089634-01 (2009): $437423
CORE -- CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA ASSESSMENT AND RECRUITMENT
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles Office Of Research Administration Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 5P50MH066286-059006 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: ZMH1
Abstract: The primary function of the Chronic Schizophrenia Recruitment and Assessment Core will be to recruit and clinically assess chronic schizophrenia patients and demographically comparable normal subjects for participation in studies of the Center for Neurocognition and Emotion in Schizophrenia. By centralizing the recruitment of chronic patients in a single Core, the aim is to increase the efficiency of the process and eliminate the need for individual projects to set up redundant recruitment mechanisms. To maximize the demographic similarity of the chronic sample to the other samples in the Center, chronic schizophrenia subjects will be recruited from former participants in prior longitudinal studies of first-episode patients conducted at the Aftercare Research Program who have had their onset of illness at least five years prior to enrollment in the Center research. This Core will screen, recruit, and conduct diagnostic interviews with the potential patient subjects and the normal comparison subjects. Staff from this Core will also complete ratings of symptom severity and functional outcome (work/school, social, and independent living domains) for all chronic schizophrenia patients who participate in Center projects. In addition, this Core will facilitate and coordinate the involvement of these patient and control subjects in Center projects, including the coordination of laboratory access at UCLA. Unlike the Prodromal Research Program and the Aftercare Research Program, no treatment is provided for thes patients as part of their Center participation. The Specific Aims of this core are to 1) To screen and recruit patients with chronic schizophrenia from former participants of the UCLA Aftercare Program, according to locally-approved procedures, 2) To provide diagnostic interviews and clinical assessment of potential subjects for Center projects, 3) To screen, recruit, and conduct diagnostic interviews with demographically comparable normal comparison subjects. 4) To facilitate interactions between subjects to the staff of the respective Center projects, and 5) To coordinate the subjects participation in all Center projects.
Keywords: biomedical facility, medical outreach /case finding, schizophrenia, functional ability, mental disorder diagnosis, sign /symptom, human subject, interview, patient oriented research
Project start date: 2007-09-13
Project end date: 2008-06-30
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
3/6-THE GENETICS OF ENDOPHENOTYPES AND SCHIZOPHRENIA
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles, Office Of Research Administration, Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 2R01MH065707-06A2 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia (COGS-2) is a 6-site collaborative linked R01 study that aims to understand the genetic architecture of functionally important quantitative neurophysiological and neurocognitive endophenotypes and the qualitative phenotype of schizophrenia in 2,000 patients and 1,000 community comparison subjects (CCS). During the initial support period, the COGS-1 project developed a robust research platform for subject recruitment, careful clinical characterization, acquisition, quality assurance, and analysis of these endophenotypes in probands (N=305), clinically unaffected family members (N=1,014) and CCS (N=505). In addition, COGS-1 developed novel statistical genetics methods that take full advantage of the unique findings that have emerged to date. The COGS-2 renewal will extend the use of the original 3 neurophysiological and 3 neurocognitive endophenotypes, as well as additional heritable endophenotypes derived from COGS-1 using the Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (CNB). Given the increased importance of the relationship of these endophenotypes to functional outcome, COGS-2 will also add a functional status assessment battery, consisting of observer-based, surrogate and real-world functional status. COGS-2 will complete the originally proposed linkage analysis in the COGS-1 sample, as well as conduct a candidate gene study from the COGS-1 database using the custom COGS 1536 SNP Chip. COGS-2 will focus on ascertaining, testing and obtaining DNA from new samples of 2,000 schizophrenia patients and 1,000 CCS recruited via Specific Aim 1. In Specific Aim 2, a genome wide association study (GWAS) using the current and most informative platform at the Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR) will be performed using the COGS-2 case-control data on the 9 COGS-2 quantitative endophenotypes and the qualitative diagnosis of schizophrenia. A complementary association study, using many strong-inference derived SNPs not included in the CIDR platform, will utilize the COGS SNP Chip array (94 candidate genes, 1536 SNPs) to assess SNP and copy-number variations (CNVs) associated with endophenotype deficits in schizophrenia as well as schizophrenia itself. In Specific Aim 3, SNPs and CNVs associated with these endophenotypes and schizophrenia will be compared with those in publicly available databases (e.g., GAIN, CATIE, BROAD). Furthermore, we will continue to develop the COGS platform and related innovative statistical genetics methods to identify and interrogate crucial genetic data in order to enhance the search for schizophrenia vulnerability genes, enhance the endophenotype strategy and ultimately identify molecular targets for the treatment and improved function of schizophrenia patients. Schizophrenia is a devastating brain disorder that strikes young adults and carries with it a profound and devastating disease burden, often for the lifetime of the patient. The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia ("COGS-2") project entitled, "The Genetics of Endophenotypes and Schizophrenia", examines the genetic basis of impairments in core neurophysiological and neurocognitive processes in schizophrenia patients. Once we understand the genetic architecture of these abnormalities, new medications that aim to improve the functioning and quality of life of schizophrenia patients can be developed
Keywords: Active Follow-up; Address; Administrator; American; Architecture; Arts; Behavioral Sciences; Benzenaminium, 4-((4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)(4-(dimethyliminio)-2, 5-cyclohexadien-1-ylidene)methyl)-N, N, N-trimethyl-, dichloride; Biliary or Urinary Stones; Biologic Psychiatry; Biological Psychiatry; Blood Sample; Blood specimen; Bp50; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Disorders; Budgets; CD40; CDW40; CNP; Calculi; California; Candidate Disease Gene; Candidate Gene; Case-Base Studies; Case-Comparison Studies; Case-Compeer Studies; Case-Control Studies; Case-Referent Studies; Case-Referrent Studies; Cells; Characteristics; Clinical; Clinical assessments; Collaborations; Collection; Communities; Complement; Complement Proteins; Complex; Consultations; Copy Number Polymorphism; Critiques; Custom; DNA; DNA analysis; Data; Data Banks; Data Bases; Data Quality; Data Set; Databank, Electronic; Databanks; Database, Electronic; Databases; Dataset; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset; Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Resistant; Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent; Diabetes Mellitus, Noninsulin Dependent; Diabetes Mellitus, Slow-Onset; Diabetes Mellitus, Stable; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diabetes Mellitus, Type II; Diagnosis; Diagnosis, clinical; Diagnostic; Disease; Disorder; Doctor of Philosophy; Drugs; Dysfunction; Educational workshop; Electronics; Elements; Employee Strikes; Encephalon; Encephalon Diseases; Encephalons; Engineering / Architecture; Epigenetic; Epigenetic Change; Epigenetic Mechanism; Epigenetic Process; Factor Analyses; Factor Analysis; Faculty; Family; Family Study; Family member; Functional disorder; Funding; GWAS; Genes; Genetic; Genetic analyses; Genetic screening method; Genomics; Genotype; Grant; Group Meetings; Gur; Hereditary; Heritability; Impairment; Individual; Infrastructure; Inherited; Institutes; Intracranial CNS Disorders; Intracranial Central Nervous System Disorders; Investigators; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Leadership; Letters; Light Green; Link; Linkage (Genetics); Linkage Analysis; Los Angeles; MGC9013; MODY; Manuals; Maturity-Onset Diabetes Mellitus; Measures; Medication; Meetings, Group; Memory; Method LOINC Axis 6; Methodology; Methods; Methyl Green; Methylation; Molecular Target; NIDDM; NIMH; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); Nature; Nervous System, Brain; Neurobiology; Neurocognitive; Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; On-Line Systems; Online Systems; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Paper; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pb element; Pennsylvania; Persons; Ph.D.; PhD; Pharmaceutic Preparations; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Phenotype; Physiopathology; Polymorphism, Single Base; Predisposition; Principal Investigator; Procedures; Process; Progress Reports; Protein Methylation; Psychiatry; QOL; Quality of life; Quality, Data; Recruitment Activity; Relative; Relative (related person); Reports, Progress; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Resources; Researchers; Resources; Robin; Robin bird; Role; SCHED; SNP; SNPs; Sampling; Scanning; Schedule; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Disorders; Schools, Medical; Science; Science of neurophysiology; Scientist; Shipping; Ships; Single Nucleotide Polymorphism; Site; Societies; Standardization; Stone; Strikes; Strikes, Employee; Structure; Supervision; Susceptibility; T2D; T2DM; TNFRSF5; TNFRSF5 gene; Teleconferences; Testing; Time; Training; Transmission; Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 5 Gene; Type 2 diabetes; Type II diabetes; United States National Institute of Mental Health; Universities; Update; Verbal Learning; Videotape; Visit; Washington; Work; Workshop; adult onset diabetes; adult youth; base; burden of disease; burden of illness; case control; clinical Diagnosis; clinical data repository; clinical data warehouse; college; comparative; computerized; copy number variation; cost effective; data management; data repository; dementia praecox; design; designing; disability; disease burden; disease/disorder; drug/agent; endophenotype; falls; family based linkage study; firewall; follow-up; functional outcomes; functional status; gene discovery; genetic analysis; genetic linkage; genetic linkage analyses; genetic linkage analysis; genetic risk factor; genetic testing; genome wide association scan; genome wide association studies; genome wide association study; genome-wide; genome-wide linkage; genome-wide scan; genomewide association scan; genomewide association studies; genomewide association study; genomewide scan; heavy metal Pb; heavy metal lead; improved functioning; inherited factor; innovate; innovation; innovative; interest; ketosis resistant diabetes; linkage analyses; maturity onset diabetes; medical schools; meetings; member; neurobiological; neurophysiology; novel; online computer; p50; pathophysiology; pathway; performance tests; prepulse inhibition; proband; professor; public health relevance; quality assurance; recruit; relational database; repository; response; schizophrenic; scientific organization; sharing data; social role; success; sugar; trait; transmission process; web based; whole genome association studies; whole genome association study; years of life lost to disability; years of life lost to disease; young adult
Relevance: 7. Schizophrenia is a devastating brain disorder that strikes young adults and carries with it a profound and devastating disease burden, often for the lifetime of the patient. The Consortium on the Genetics of Schizophrenia ("COGS-2") project entitled, "The Genetics of Endophenotypes and Schizophrenia", examines the genetic basis of impairments in core neurophysiological and neurocognitive processes in schizophrenia patients. Once we understand the genetic architecture of these abnormalities, new medications that aim to improve the functioning and quality of life of schizophrenia patients can be developed
Project start date: 2003-05-01
Project end date: 2014-01-31
Budget start date: 16-APR-2010
Budget end date: 31-JAN-2011
PFA/PA: PAR-09-153
2R01MH065707-06A2 (2010): $341474
SOCIAL COGNITION AND FUNCTIONING IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles, Office Of Research Administration, Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 1R01MH087618-01A1 from National Institute Of Mental Health
Abstract: Social cognition is defined in various ways, and generally refers to mental operations that underlie social interactions, including perceiving, interpreting, managing, and generating responses to the intentions and behaviors of others. Social cognitive impairments are determinants of community functioning in schizophrenia and are increasingly viewed as targets of intervention. To evaluate social cognition as a treatment endpoint, it is necessary to include reliable and valid social cognitive measures in clinical trials. The current proposal is framed in a translational context, in which we have turned to social neuroscience to select measures that have good validity and that are highly promising for clinical studies with schizophrenia patients. To this end, we assembled scientific experts in experimental psychopathology, social neuroscience, clinical trial methodology, and psychometrics from UCLA, Columbia University, and University of North Carolina. The project has three aims The first aim is to determine the extent to which selected measures from social neuroscience are suitable for use in clinical trials of schizophrenia. The second aim is to use these measures to account for unexplained variance in a functioning in schizophrenia. The third aim is to better understand the ways in which social cognition acts as a mediator between basic (non-social) cognition and functioning in schizophrenia. These study aims will be evaluated in a sample of 240 schizophrenia patients (tested twice at a 4-week interval) and 50 healthy comparison subjects (tested once). Participants will be recruited equally at two performance sites (Los Angeles and Chapel Hill). This proposal is submitted under NIMH Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) PA-08-255 "Functioning of People with Mental Disorders" and it addresses two objectives of the NIMH Strategic Plan. Within Objective 1 (Promote Discovery in Brain and Behavioral Sciences) this project is consistent with the goal to "deconstruct clusters of complex behaviors and attempt to link these to underlying neurobiological systems." In this study we will 1) deconstruct basic cognition and social cognition in schizophrenia and 2) differentiate subprocesses within social cognition. Within Objective 3 (Develop new and better interventions), our project is consistent with the goal to "broaden the focus by what is meant by outcome measures in treatment research." We will evaluate measures from social neuroscience for their use in clinical trials of cognition enhancement in schizophrenia with a broad focus on improving overall functioning. The long-term goals of this project are to 1) understand the determinants of community functioning in schizophrenia and 2) facilitate the development of effective drugs for social cognitive deficits that will help individuals with schizophrenia acquire skills and function better in their daily lives. Social cognitive impairments are determinants of community functioning in schizophrenia and are increasingly viewed as targets for intervention. We developed the current proposal to translate informative measures from social neuroscience for use in schizophrenia research. The long-term goal of this project is to better understand the determinants of community functioning in schizophrenia, and to facilitate the development of effective treatments for social cognitive deficits to help individuals with schizophrenia function better in their daily lives
Keywords: Accounting; Activities of Daily Living; Activities of everyday life; Address; Affect; Analysis, Data; Area; Behavior; Behavioral Sciences; Benchmarking; Best Practice Analysis; Biometrics; Biometry; Biometry and Biostatistics; Biostatistics; Brain; Brain region; Clinical; Clinical Research; Clinical Study; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials, Unspecified; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Disturbance; Cognitive Impairment; Cognitive decline; Cognitive deficits; Cognitive function abnormal; Communities; Complex; Consensus; Control Groups; Cues; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Dimensions; Disabled Persons; Disabled Population; Disturbance in cognition; Drugs; Encephalon; Encephalons; Face; Far Go; FarGo; Figs; Figs - dietary; Floor; Funding Opportunities; Goals; Hand; Handicapped; Image; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Strategies; Intervention Studies; Investigators; Life; Link; Los Angeles; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator; Mediator of Activation; Mediator of activation protein; Medication; Mental disorders; Mental health disorders; Method LOINC Axis 6; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Models, Statistical; NIMH; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); Negotiating; Negotiation; Nervous; Nervous System, Brain; Neurobiology; North Carolina; Operation; Operative Procedures; Operative Surgical Procedures; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patients; People with Disabilities; Perception; Performance; Persons with Disabilities; Pharmaceutic Preparations; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Preparation; Probabilistic Models; Process; Property; Property, LOINC Axis 2; Psyche structure; Psychiatric Disease; Psychiatric Disorder; Psychometric; Psychometrics; Psychopathology; Publications; Recommendation; Recovery; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; Researchers; Sample Size; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Disorders; Science; Scientific Publication; Scientist; Selection Criteria; Series; Severities; Social Interaction; Social Perception; Statistical Models; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Surgical; Surgical Interventions; Surgical Procedure; Symptoms; System; System, LOINC Axis 4; Testing; Training; Translating; Translatings; United States National Institute of Mental Health; Universities; Unspecified Mental Disorder; abnormal psychology; authority; base; behavior measurement; behavioral measure; behavioral measurement; biobehavior; biobehavioral; clinical investigation; cognitive dysfunction; cognitive loss; cognitive neuroscience; cognitively impaired; conference; daily living functionality; dementia praecox; disability; disabled; disabled people; drug/agent; effective therapy; experience; facial; functional ability; functional capacity; functional outcomes; functional status; imaging; improved; interdisciplinary collaboration; interventional strategy; language translation; meetings; mental; mental illness; mental state; neural; neurobiological; new approaches; novel; novel approaches; novel strategies; novel strategy; pathway; performance site; psychological disorder; psychopharmacologic; psychopharmacological; psychosocial; public health relevance; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; schizophrenic; skills; social; social cognition; social neuroscience; standard measure; statistics/biometry; stem; surgery; symposium; trait
Relevance: Social cognitive impairments are determinants of community functioning in schizophrenia and are increasingly viewed as targets for intervention. We developed the current proposal to translate informative measures from social neuroscience for use in schizophrenia research. The long-term goal of this project is to better understand the determinants of community functioning in schizophrenia, and to facilitate the development of effective treatments for social cognitive deficits to help individuals with schizophrenia function better in their daily lives
Project start date: 2010-08-01
Project end date: 2014-04-30
Budget start date: 1-AUG-2010
Budget end date: 30-APR-2011
PFA/PA: PA-08-255
1R01MH087618-01A1 (2010): $402413
Michael F Green
University Of California Los Angeles, Office Of Research Administration, Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Abstract: PROJECT 3 SOCIAL COGNITION Social cognition refers to mental operations required for adaptive social functioning, Including perceiving, interpreting, and generating responses to the intentions, emotions, and behaviors of others. In the first grant period, we selected three behavioral measures that assess processes considered essential for meaningful communication, including relationship perception, Theory of Mind, and emotion processing. Prodromal, recent-onset, and chronic patients all performed significantly worse than their matched controls on these measures, with comparable effect sizes across illness phases. The next phase of this research program will extend findings from the first phase in several ways. First, we will look beyond static measures of social cognition and will test both social (facial affect perception) and non-social (problem solving) dynamic measures of malleability in response to brief intervention probes. Second, we wil evaluate the nature of the relationships among basic cognition, social cognition, and functional outcome using a subset of social cognitive measures from the current study. We will examine whether social cognitive measures explain unique variance in functional outcome beyond basic cognition as measured by the MCCB, and whether these measures serve as mediators between basic cognition and outcome. Third, going beyond the findings of short-term stability of performance, we will examine long-term stability on specific measures of social cognition after an average of 5 years. Fourth, we will assess recollection and familiarity of social stimuli with a newly developed version of the Remember-Know (R-K) paradigm. We will compare recollection versus familiarity indices for their relationships to outcome, and compare these results to a non-social R-K paradigm administered in the Memory Project. Despite receiving adequate treatment, many individuals with schizophrenia have problems in social communication and independent functioning. The proposed research will shed light on the developmental course and malleability of social cognitive deficits that impact functioning in schizophrenia. This information can inform the development of new treatments for social cognitive deficits that may improve community functioning in schizophrenia
Keywords: Address; Affect; Anthropology; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Cardiovascular; Cardiovascular Body System; Cardiovascular system; Cardiovascular system (all sites); Chronic; Chronic Phase; Clinical; Clinical Investigator; Clinical Trials; Clinical Trials, Unspecified; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive Disturbance; Cognitive Impairment; Cognitive decline; Cognitive deficits; Cognitive function abnormal; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Consensus; Data; Development; Disturbance in cognition; Emotional; Emotions; Face; Familiarity; Goals; Grant; Impaired cognition; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Intervention Strategies; Learning; Light; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mediator; Mediator of Activation; Mediator of activation protein; Memory; Mind; Modeling; NIMH; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.); Nature; Operation; Operative Procedures; Operative Surgical Procedures; Organ System, Cardiovascular; Outcome; Paper; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patients; Perception; Performance; Phase; Photoradiation; Problem Solving; Process; Programs (PT); Programs [Publication Type]; Progress Reports; Psyche structure; Psychology; Research; Role; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Disorders; Scientist; Social Behavior; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social Problems; Stimulus; Stress; Surgical; Surgical Interventions; Surgical Procedure; Symptoms; Testing; Thinking; Thinking, function; Time; United States National Institute of Mental Health; Vascular, Heart; base; behavior measurement; behavioral measure; behavioral measurement; brief intervention; circulatory system; clinical investigation; cognitive dysfunction; cognitive loss; cognitive neuroscience; cognitively impaired; conference; dementia praecox; facial; functional outcomes; heart rate variability; heuristics; improved; indexing; interventional strategy; meetings; mental; new approaches; novel approaches; novel strategies; novel strategy; pathway; programs; prospective; response; schizophrenic; social; social cognition; social communication; social disturbance; social role; sociobehavior; sociobehavioral; surgery; symposium; theories
Project start date: 2010-09-01
Project end date: 2015-06-30
Budget start date: 1-SEP-2010
Budget end date: 30-JUN-2011
2P50MH066286-06A2_5718 (2010): $186546
Early Visual Processing In Schizophrenia
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles Office Of Research Administration Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 5R01MH043292-15 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: ZRG1
Abstract: Neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia can serve as bridges for exploring basic biology on the one hand, and functional (e.g., social) outcome on the other. This application is a competitive continuation in a program of research that has focused on deficits in early visual processing in schizophrenia, assessed with visual masking procedures. Visual masking occurs when a briefly-presented visual target is obscured by a visual mask that is presented shortly before or afterwards. Schizophrenic patients show deficits on visual masking tasks, meaning that they have more difficulty than controls in identifying the target in the presence of a mask. In the proposed project, we will explore both the underlying neural substrates and associations with social outcomes. We will recruit 3 groups of subjects 120 schizophrenic patients, 70 of their siblings, and 70 normal controls. These groups will receive diagnostic interviews, several conditions of visual masking, electrophysiology, measures of social cognition and functioning, and a subgroup from each sample will receive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In addition to these groups, a sample of recent-onset patients who have already participated in the current study will be assessed over a four- year follow up period. The underlying neural basis of masking deficits in schizophrenia will be studied in two complementary ways. First, we will record event-related gamma activity (i.e. electrical activity in the 30- 70Hz frequency range) concurrently while subjects view masked and unmasked target stimuli. We have previously suggested that visual masking deficits in schizophrenia may, at least in part, be due to a failure to establish and / or maintain gamma activity. Second, we will examine the regional brain activity associated with visual masking through fMRI. For this purpose, we have adapted visual masking stimuli for use in the scanner. We will also consider whether visual masking deficits in schizophrenia have an impact on the daily social functioning of patients. This will be accomplished with assessments of social cognition (abilities needed to perceive, interpret, and process social information) and social functioning.
Keywords: brain imaging /visualization /scanning, neural information processing, neuropathology, neuropsychology, perceptual masking, schizophrenia, social behavior, visual perception, brain electrical activity, brain mapping, longitudinal human study, model design /development, psychological model, sibling, social perception, adult human (21+), behavioral /social science research tag, bioimaging /biomedical imaging, clinical research, electroencephalography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, human subject, interview, neuropsychological test, psychometrics, visual stimulus
Project start date: 1988-08-01
Project end date: 2006-04-30
5R01MH043292-15 (2005): $315000
5R01MH043292-14 (2004): $315000
5R01MH043292-13 (2003): $315000
5R01MH043292-12 (2002): $315000
2R01MH043292-11 (2001): $309557
SOCIAL COGNITION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles Office Of Research Administration Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 5P50MH066286-050004 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: ZMH1
Abstract: Neurocognitive deficits are among the most consistent correlates and predictors of functional outcome in schizophrenia, and we have proposed that the relationships between neurocognition and functional outcome are probably mediated by key intervening variables, including social cognition. Social cognition refers to the mental operations underlying social interactions, which includes the human capacity to perceive the intentions and dispositions of others. The goal of this project is to work closely with noted basic behavioral scientists to apply innovative social cognitive measures to the study of schizophrenia. Because the proposed measures were developed within theoretical models, they will yield a better understanding about how core components of these areas of social cognition are related to functional outcome in schizophrenia. First, we will extend previous studies of face and voice emotion perception in schizophrenia. For this goal, we will work with Peter Salovey from Yale University who, along with his colleagues, has developed an influential multidimensional model and test of emotional processing. Second, we plan to extend the previous studies of social perception in schizophrenia that have involved perception of situational contexts or social roles and social relationships. We will build on the pioneering basic work of Alan Fiske, a Professor in the Department of Anthropology at UCLA, and Nicholas Haslam, a consultant to this project, to test how well patients identify the types of interpersonal relationships that are described in various vignettes. Third, we will examine measures of theory of mind (ToM) that involve the ability of subjects to attribute mental states to other people. Alan Fiske will be the basic behavioral expert for these last two components of the proposal. We plan to test three clinical samples (prodromal, first episode and chronic) and demographically-comparable controls to assess the magnitude of the deficit at each stage. We will examine prospective associations between these measures and 12-month changes in functional outcome in prodromal and first episode patients, and course of illness in the chronic sample. Lastly, we will examine relationships between these tests of social cognition and selected measures from other Center projects.
Keywords: cognition, emotion, interpersonal relations, neuropsychology, perception, schizophrenia, social behavior, disease /disorder onset, emotional dependency, face expression, functional ability, learning, occupation, outcomes research, performance, psychological model, psychometrics, self help, sensation, behavioral /social science research tag, human subject, patient oriented research, psychological test, statistics /biometry
Project start date: 2007-09-13
Project end date: 2008-06-30
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
The Genetics Of Endophenotypes And Schizophrenia
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles Office Of Research Administration Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 1R01MH065707-01A1 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: ZRG1
Abstract: Neurobiological deficits that serve as informative endophenotype markers have been demonstrated in schizophrenia by a number of different paradigms. Neurophysiological deficits are prominent in P50 event related suppression, prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response, and the antisaccade (AS) task for eye movement dysfunction. Neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia are revealed by poor performance on the CPT, verbal memory, and tests of working memory. Each of these deficits has also been demonstrated in clinically unaffected relatives of schizophrenia patients, which is evidence that they may reflect part of the heritable risk for the illness. This conclusion is reinforced by findings of deficits in non-psychotic, unmedicated schizophrenia patients, and schizotypal patients. The null hypothesis is that all 6 deficits reflect a single, common underlying heritable dysfunction in all schizophrenia patients. A test of that hypothesis requires measurement of all of these deficits in the same group of schizophrenia patient probands and their relatives. If they are all manifestations of the same genetic dysfunction (although perhaps expressed in different brain areas), then a multivariate analysis would show that they all contribute to a single dimension in both relatives and schizophrenia patients. An alternative hypothesis is that only one or a small subset of deficits is present in each family, which is consistent with the heterogeneity found in current genetic linkage studies. In that case, the multivariate analysis would show the different measures or subsets of them loading onto different dimensions. Schizophrenia itself is likely to be the result of multiple deficits in any individual. Therefore, the analysis is performed in the same cohort of schizophrenia patient probands and their relatives to take advantage of Mendel s second law, which holds that genetically independent deficits segregate independently. Hence, although schizophrenia patient probands themselves have multiple deficits, if the deficits are caused by different genetic factors, then they will segregate to different groups of relatives. This 7 site collaborative RO1 project will gather a combined total of 420 pedigrees (1680 subjects) and 525 normal subjects over 5 years (each site will contribute 1/7th of these totals). Findings of heritable deficits in specific measures will be used to guide the next generation of studies of the genetics of schizophrenia.
Keywords: behavioral genetics, family genetics, phenotype, schizophrenia, genetic susceptibility, neurobiology, behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, human genetic material tag, human subject, patient oriented research, psychological test
Project start date: 2003-05-01
Project end date: 2008-02-29
1R01MH065707-01A1 (2003): $481521
CORE 6- CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA ASSESSMENT AND RECRUIMENT
Michael F Green
University Of California Los Angeles, Office Of Research Administration, Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Abstract: CORE 6 CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA ASSESSMENT AND RECRUITMENT CORE The primary function ofthe Chronic Schizophrenia Recruitment and Assessment Core will be to recruit andclinically assess chronic schizophrenia patients and demographically comparable normal subjects for participation in projects ofthe Center for Neurocognition and Emotion in Schizophrenia. By centralizing the recruitment of chronic patients in a single Core, the aim is to increase the efficiency ofthe process and eliminate the need for individual projects to set up redundant recruitment mechanisms. To maximize the demographic similarity ofthe chronic sample to the other samples in the Center, chronic schizophrenia subjects will be recruited from former participants in prior longitudinal studies of first-episode patients conducted at the Aftercare Research Program who have had their onset of illness at least five years prior to enrollment in the Center research. This Core will screen, recruit, and conduct diagnostic interviews with the patient subjects and the normal comparison subjects. Staff from this Core will also complete ratings of symptom severity, functional capacity, functional outcome, and neurocognition for all subjects participating in this Core. In addition, this Core will facilitate and coordinate the involvement of these patient and normal subjects in Center projects, including the coordination of laboratory access at UCLA. Unlike the Prodromal Research Program and the Aftercare Research Program, no treatment is provided for these patients as partof their Center participation. The specific aims ofthis Core are to 1) recruit and evaluate patients with chronic schizophrenia from former participants ofthe UCLA Aftercare Program, 2) To conduct diagnostic, symptom, functional outcome, and neurocognitive assessments of Chronic patients who will be participating in Center project protocols, 3) To recruit, screen, and complete diagnostic, symptom, functional outcome, and neurocognitive assessments with demographically comparable normal comparison subjects, 4) To facilitate and coordinate the participation of chronic schizophrenia patients and demographically comparable normal subjects in the Center projects
Keywords: Activities of Daily Living; Activities of everyday life; After Care; After-Treatment; Aftercare; Chronic; Chronic Schizophrenia; Diagnostic; Doctor of Philosophy; Emotions; Enrollment; Individual; Interview; Laboratories; Longitudinal Studies; Memory; Neurocognition; Neurocognitive; Onset of illness; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Ph.D.; PhD; Process; Programs (PT); Programs [Publication Type]; Protocol; Protocols documentation; Recruitment Activity; Research; Retrieval; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Schizophrenic Disorders; Severities; Stress; Symptoms; daily living functionality; dementia praecox; disease onset; disorder onset; enroll; functional ability; functional capacity; functional outcomes; long-term study; programs; recruit; schizophrenic; social
Project start date: 2010-09-01
Project end date: 2015-06-30
Budget start date: 1-SEP-2010
Budget end date: 30-JUN-2011
2P50MH066286-06A2_5725 (2010): $89397
EARLY VISUAL PROCESSING IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles Office Of Research Administration Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 5R01MH043292-10 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: ZMH1
Abstract: Adapted from applicant s ) This competing continuation application proposes to use much more refined methods to test hypotheses generated from our initial grant (a FIRST award), which examined the mechanisms of visual processing abnormalities in schizophrenia patients and their siblings. Based on our initial series of studies, we hypothesize that schizophrenia patients have dual deficits involving both early (sensory/perceptual) and later (attentional disengage) processes. We hypothesize that the problem in the early component stems from overactive transient visual channel activity. In contrast, we hypothesize that siblings of the patients show deficits on the early, but not later component of visual masking. The current proposal also includes an attentional manipulation of readiness to determine whether performance can be modified under these conditions. We will also make critical advances in our studies of early visual processing deficits as vulnerability factors for schizophrenia. Vulnerability to schizophrenia can be studied by assessing First-degree relatives of patients and by assessing patients when they are in remission. We will do both. We will expand our work with visual processing in the siblings of chronic schizophrenia patients to test the hypothesis that siblings show evidence of overactive transient channels in the early masking component, but a normal degree of attentional disengagement in the later masking component. We hypothesize that remitted schizophrenia patients will also show deficits in the early masking component. Remitted bipolar patients are included to address the diagnostic specificity of this vulnerability factor. In an exploratory component, the current proposal will provide the first opportunity to assess the siblings of schizophrenia patients on the pre-pulse inhibition of startle blink, which has certain procedural and conceptual similarities to visual masking. The basic approach for these studies is "experimental reductivism" in which the goal is to parse a complex cognitive deficit relevant to schizophrenia into its smallest meaningful units. Identification of these basic cognitive components will help us to refine our conceptualization of the specific aspects of cognition that are associated with vulnerability to schizophrenia.
Keywords: disease /disorder proneness /risk, neural information processing, perceptual masking, schizophrenia, visual perception, case history, family genetics, remission /regression, sibling, startle reaction, visual stimulus, behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, human subject, psychological test, psychometrics
Project start date: 1988-08-01
Project end date: 2001-04-30
5R01MH043292-10 (2000): $169417
5R01MH043292-09 (1999): $165228
5R01MH043292-08 (1998): $157151
5R01MH043292-07 (1997): $102772
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
Michael F Green
University Of California Los Angeles
Project start date: 2010-08-01
Project end date: 2014-02-28
EARLY VISUAL PROCESSING IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Michael F Green, Professor
University Of California Los Angeles Office Of Research Administration Los Angeles, Ca 90095
Grant 2R01MH043292-06A4 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: ZMH1
Project start date: 1988-08-01
Project end date: 2001-04-30
2R01MH043292-06A4 (1996): $134097