William G Iacono
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities
Project start date: 1987-09-30
Project end date: 2013-12-31
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
TWIN FAMILY STUDY OF VULNERABILITY TO SUBSTANCE ABUSE
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities, 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center, Minneapolis, Mn 55455-2070
Grant 5R37DA005147-22 from National Institute On Drug Abuse
Abstract: We propose to explicate the developmental processes linking adolescent substance abuse to age 29 adult outcomes by completing the in-person longitudinal assessment of 666 male twin pairs and their parents drawn from two population-based cohorts. The older twin cohort, originally seen at age 17 and followed up at ages 20 and 24, has completed the age 29 assessment. The younger cohort, originally recruited at age 11, before the initiation of significant substance use, has completed follow-ups at ages 14, 17, 20, and 24, and will be followed through age 29, with their age 29 assessment enhanced to include new neuropsychological and brain electrocortical measures that were not available for the older cohort at age 29. Data from both cohorts will be combined to examine the developmental trajectories leading to mental health, social, and neurocognitive outcomes evident at age 29. In addition, we will identify factors associated with desistance of substance abuse in early adulthood and determine how desistence ameliorates the negative impact of adolescent-onset abuse on adult outcomes. Our protocol includes a comprehensive longitudinal assessment, including information from multiple informants (parents, teachers, co-twins), that begins in adolescence or earlier for both cohorts. Our developmentally rich data set measures the initiation and progression of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use; externalizing and internalizing psychopathology; biological indices (e.g., brain event-related potentials, resting EEG, measured genes); personality traits; and a wide array of experiential risks (e.g., life-event stress, family and peer relationships, social support, early exposure to substances). We will take advantage of our twin design to examine the contribution of genetic and environmental interplay to the development of adult adjustment, including making use of monozygotic co-twin controls to determine whether environmental differences in risk exposure (including differences in exposure to abused substances) over the course of development are associated with differences in outcome. The completion of this project will provide for a rigorous and comprehensive evaluation of the long-term effects of adolescent-onset substance abuse. Adolescent substance abuse is a powerful predictor of adult adjustment and mental health, but the mechanisms linking early abuse to later maladjustment are not fully understood. Using twins studied prospectively from age 11 to 29, we will examine how adolescent-onset substance abuse affects the development of mental health in young adulthood
Keywords: 12-20 years old; 21+ years old; AOD use; Accounting; Active Follow-up; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Youth; Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Biological; Brain; Chemical Class, Alcohol; Childhood; Controlled Study; Cross Sectional Analysis; Cross-Sectional Analyses; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cross-Sectional Survey; DSM; Data; Data Set; Dataset; Development; Developmental Process; Diagnosis; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual; Disease Frequency Surveys; Drug usage; Drugs, Illicit; Dysfunction; EEG; Effects, Longterm; Electroencephalography; Employment; Encephalon; Encephalons; Ensure; Epidemiology, Family Medical History; Evaluation; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Exposure to; FLR; Failure (biologic function); Family; Family Medical History; Family Study; Family history of; Functional disorder; Genes; Genetic; Hereditary; Human, Adult; Illicit Drugs; Individual; Inherited; Life; Link; Literature; Long-Term Effects; Marriage; Measures; Mental Health; Mental Hygiene; Methods; Minnesota; Modeling; Nature; Nervous System, Brain; Neurocognitive; Nicotine; Occupational; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Personality Traits; Persons; Physiopathology; Preventive; Process; Protocol; Protocols documentation; Psychological Health; Psychology, Physiologic; Psychology, Physiological; Psychopathology; Psychophysiological; Psychophysiology; Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-, (S)-; Recruitment Activity; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Social Development; Social support; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Tobacco; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; Twins; abnormal psychology; abuse of substances; adolescence (12-20); adolescent substance abuse; adolescent substance use; adult human (21+); adult youth; cohort; design; designing; disinhibitory psychopathology; drug use; early adolescence; emerging adult; event related potential; failure; follow up assessment; follow-up; high risk; indexing; informant; juvenile; juvenile human; male; neuropsychological; neurotoxic; pathophysiology; pediatric; peer; population based; prospective; psycho-physiological; public health relevance; recruit; social; social support network; substance abuse; substance abuser; substance use; success; teacher; teenage; young adult; youth substance abuse; youth substance use
Relevance: Adolescent substance abuse is a powerful predictor of adult adjustment and mental health, but the mechanisms linking early abuse to later maladjustment are not fully understood. Using twins studied prospectively from age 11 to 29, we will examine how adolescent-onset substance abuse affects the development of mental health in young adulthood
Project start date: 1987-09-30
Project end date: 2013-12-31
Budget start date: 1-JAN-2010
Budget end date: 31-DEC-2010
PFA/PA: PA-07-070
5R37DA005147-22 (2010): $613587
Grants awarded to William G Iacono
Twin Family Study Of Vulnerability To Substance Abuse
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center Minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 5R01DA005147-20 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: SNEM
Abstract: We seek to continue the longitudinal study and data analysis of two population-based cohorts consisting of 666 twin pairs. The younger cohort, originally recruited at age 11, prior to significant substance use, will be followed through age 24-25. The older cohort, originally recruited at age 17, will be assessed through age 29-30. We hypothesize that an inherited predisposition to substance use disorder (SUD) is expressed through psychiatric, personality, psychosocial, and psychophysiological characteristics related to behavioral disinhibition and negative affective states that can be traced to pre-adolescence. Our findings to date suggest that externalizing disorders are highly comorbid and familial, associated with the personality dimension of constraint, and predictive of the development of adult antisocial behavior and SUDs. The liability for this collection of attributes is heritable and associated with reduced amplitude of the P3 event-related potential and individual differences in autonomic reactivity. However, findings from our younger cohort indicate that during early adolescence, a substantial shared environmental contribution to the development of externalizing and SUDs is present, with specific environmental factors like parent-child conflict likely to have etiologic significance. The personality dimension of negative emotionality and internalizing psychopathology are also associated with the development of SUDs, but predicted effects are less consistent than for behavioral disinhibition. We aim to identify mechanisms through which genetic and environmentally mediated risk factors translate into outcomes and understand how important life transitions contribute to the persistence and desistance of substance abuse. We will also establish immortalized DNA cell lines to facilitate future studies examining candidate gene associations with SUD phenotypes, investigate trajectories related to the development of SUDs using latent growth modeling, and evaluate models for gene-environment contributions to their development.
Keywords: behavioral genetics, disease /disorder etiology, disease /disorder proneness /risk, family genetics, gene environment interaction, genetic susceptibility, substance abuse related disorder, twin /multiplet, age difference, behavior prediction, developmental psychology, family structure /dynamics, longitudinal human study, outcomes research, personality, psychophysiology, substance abuse related behavior, behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, computer human interaction, electroencephalography, evoked potential, human subject, male, psychological test, psychometrics, statistics /biometry
Project start date: 1987-09-30
Project end date: 2008-05-31
5R01DA005147-20 (2007): $728670
5R01DA005147-19 (2006): $730817
5R01DA005147-18 (2005): $728903
3R01DA005147-17S1 (2004): $70361
5R01DA005147-17 (2004): $667663
2R01DA005147-16 (2003): $674291
SUBSTANCE ABUSE & BEHAVIORAL DISINHIBITION: INTEGRATING GENES & ENVIRONMENT
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities, 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center, Minneapolis, Mn 55455-2070
Grant 5U01DA024417-04 from National Institute On Drug Abuse
Abstract: We propose using established longitudinal studies of 7300 parents and twin children to investigate how gene environment interplay influences the development of substance abuse (SA). Our focus is on children assessed repeatedly, beginning in pre-adolescence at age 11 and then again at approximately ages 14, 17, 20, 24, and 29, making it possible to examine the development of individual differences within narrowly defined age ranges that correspond roughly to key life transitions associated with important changes in environmental context (starting high school, leaving the parental home, exposure to new peers, etc). Our studies involve representative, community based samples with high participation rates, and thorough age appropriate, psychometrically sound assessments covering 1) substance use, misuse, and dependence; 2) disorders, personality traits, and behaviors related to behavioral disinhibition; 3) psychophysiogical endophenotypes for SA risk; and 4) environmental adversity derived from multiple domains (family relationships, trauma, peer group quality, exposure to substances, etc.) over multiple developmental stages. We propose obtaining blood-based DMA from approximately 5000 study participants which, along with deidentified personal data, will be added to the NIDA Genetics Consortium (NGC) public repository. We will obtain consent to participate in this GEDI initiative from an additional 2300 individuals whose data will already be part of the NGC. We will carry out a 2-stage genome wide association study using a 1M SNP bead array with 1000 parents followed by confirmation genotyping with an additional 2700 parents using three SA related latent phenotypes focused on a) SA risk, b) behavioral disinhibition attributes, and c) brain electrophysiology (event related potentials and oscillations). These three quantitative phenotypes will be developed and refined early in the funding period so as to capture complementary aspects of genetic risk for SA similarly in parents and young adult offspring. Offspring (N=3582) will then be genotyped using candidate genes identified in the parent study as well as in the evolving SA literature. A composite measure of environmental adversity will also be developed and used in hypothesis driven tests of GxE effects in offspring that include examination of the developmental specificity of effects and their replicability across related measures, developmental time points, and offspring samples. Also included will be hypothesis-generating exploratory analyses that take advantage of the richness of the phenotypic data available from our families and the rapid pace of development in molecular biology and statistical genetics
Keywords: 0-11 years old; 12-20 years old; 21+ years old; AOD use; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Youth; Adult; Adult Children; Adult Daughters; Adult Sons; Affect; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Biological; Blood; Brain; Candidate Disease Gene; Candidate Gene; Characteristics; Child; Child Youth; Children (0-21); Communities; Conduct Disorder; Consent; DNA; DNA Molecular Biology; Data; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Dependence; Development; Developmental Process; Disease; Disinhibition; Disorder; EP300; EP300 gene; Electrophysiology; Electrophysiology (science); Encephalon; Encephalons; Environment; Environmental Factor; Environmental Risk Factor; Event-Related Potentials; Exposure to; Family; Family Relations; Family Relationship; Family Research; Family Study; Funding; GWAS; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Risk; Genotype; Heterogeneity; Home; Home environment; Human, Adult; Human, Child; Individual; Individual Differences; Investigation; Investigators; Lead; Life; Life Stress; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Maps; Measures; Methods; Minnesota; Molecular Biology; NIDA; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Nervous System, Brain; Neurophysiology / Electrophysiology; Offspring, Adult; Parent-Child Relations; Parent-Child Relationship; Parental Leave; Parents; Participant; Pb element; Peer Group; Personality; Personality Traits; Phenotype; Physiologic; Physiological; Process; Psychology, Physiologic; Psychology, Physiological; Psychophysiological; Psychophysiology; Psychosocial Factor; Publications; Research Personnel; Researchers; Reticuloendothelial System, Blood; Risk; Sampling; Scientific Publication; Series; Sound; Sound - physical agent; Specificity; Staging; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Testing; Time; Trauma; Twin Multiple Birth; Twins; Work; abuse of substances; adolescence (12-20); adult human (21+); adult youth; base; behavioral disinhibition; children; data mining; datamining; deviancy; deviant; disease/disorder; emerging adult; endophenotype; environmental risk; event related potential; genome wide association scan; genome wide association studies; genome wide association study; genome-wide scan; genomewide association scan; genomewide association studies; genomewide association study; genomewide scan; heavy metal Pb; heavy metal lead; high school; juvenile; juvenile human; long-term study; mid life; mid-life; middle age; middle aged; midlife; offspring; p300; parent child interaction; parent offspring interaction; peer; prospective; psycho-physiological; psychosocial variables; repository; sound; substance abuse; substance use; teenage; whole genome association studies; whole genome association study; young adult; youngster
Project start date: 2007-09-30
Project end date: 2012-06-30
Budget start date: 1-JUL-2010
Budget end date: 30-JUN-2011
PFA/PA: RFA-DA-07-012
5U01DA024417-04 (2010): $3569440
5U01DA024417-03 (2009): $1325365
3U01DA024417-02S1 (2008): $500000
1U01DA024417-01 (2007): $1831603
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
Twin Family Study Of Vulnerability To Substance Abuse
William G Iacono, Professor
Psychologyuniversity Of Minnesota Twin Cities
450 Mcnamara Alumni Center
minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 2R01DA005147-21 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: BGES
Abstract: We propose to explicate the developmental processes linking adolescent substance abuse to age 29 adult outcomes by completing the in-person longitudinal assessment of 666 male twin pairs and their parents drawn from two population-based cohorts. The older twin cohort, originally seen at age 17 and followed up at ages 20 and 24, has completed the age 29 assessment. The younger cohort, originally recruited at age 11, before the initiation of significant substance use, has completed follow-ups at ages 14, 17, 20, and 24, and will be followed through age 29, with their age 29 assessment enhanced to include new neuropsychological and brain electrocortical measures that were not available for the older cohort at age 29. Data from both cohorts will be combined to examine the developmental trajectories leading to mental health, social, and neurocognitive outcomes evident at age 29. In addition, we will identify factors associated with desistance of substance abuse in early adulthood and determine how desistence ameliorates the negative impact of adolescent-onset abuse on adult outcomes. Our protocol includes a comprehensive longitudinal assessment, including information from multiple informants (parents, teachers, co-twins), that begins in adolescence or earlier for both cohorts. Our developmentally rich data set measures the initiation and progression of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use; externalizing and internalizing psychopathology; biological indices (e.g., brain event-related potentials, resting EEG, measured genes); personality traits; and a wide array of experiential risks (e.g., life-event stress, family and peer relationships, social support, early exposure to substances). We will take advantage of our twin design to examine the contribution of genetic and environmental interplay to the development of adult adjustment, including making use of monozygotic co-twin controls to determine whether environmental differences in risk exposure (including differences in exposure to abused substances) over the course of development are associated with differences in outcome. The completion of this project will provide for a rigorous and comprehensive evaluation of the long-term effects of adolescent-onset substance abuse. Adolescent substance abuse is a powerful predictor of adult adjustment and mental health, but the mechanisms linking early abuse to later maladjustment are not fully understood. Using twins studied prospectively from age 11 to 29, we will examine how adolescent-onset substance abuse affects the development of mental health in young adulthood
Project start date: 1987-09-30
Project end date: 2013-12-31
TWIN/FAMILY STUDY OF VULNERABILITY TO SUBSTANCE ABUSE
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center Minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 5R01DA005147-10 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: DAPA
Abstract: The Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS) seeks to identify genetic and environmental influences on the development of substance abuse (SA) and associated psychological disorders. An epidemiologically based sample of approximately 670 male pre-adolescent and adolescent twin pairs and their parents (a total of 2680 individuals) are undergoing a one-day comprehensive assessment that includes (1) mental health, (2) substance use and abuse history, (3) psychophysiological markers of risk, (4) personality/interests/social adjustment, and (5) environmental moderators of risk. Two cohorts are being assessed twins are first assessed either when they are 11 years old, just prior to their initial experimentation with alcohol and other drugs, or at age 17, prior to the establishment of adult drinking and drug use patterns and the onset of adult psychological disorders. The sample is selected in such a way that approximately 40% of the twins have one or both biological parents with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of Substance Dependence (i.e., High Risk), 20% of twins have one or both biological parents with a DSM-II-R diagnosis of Substance Abuse but not Dependence (i.e., Medium Risk), 10% have one or both biological parents with a psychiatric disorder but not a SA diagnosis (i.e., Psychiatric Controls), and 30% of twins have both biological parents with no psychiatric or SA diagnosis (i.e., Controls). The project is designed as a prospective study of the etiology of psychoactive SA and related disorders. We are requesting funding to complete the last year of intake recruitment, to continue our yearly telephone/mail follow-up assessment, and to reassess the sample in our laboratory at 3-year intervals as the twins progress through the major life changes that characterize adolescence and early adulthood. The focus of analysis of the cross-sectional data will be on the high-risk aspects of the design as well as on understanding adolescent drug use and abuse from a behavioral genetic perspective. That is, we will seek to (1) identify early markers of risk, (2) characterize the genetic and environmental determinants of individual differences in these markers, and (3) identify interactions between biological risk status and environmental factors. Our longitudinal analyses will focus on how genetic and environmental factors mediate the development of substance use and abuse behavior, with special emphasis on how changes in the gene- environment interaction influence the developmental course of SA and related disorders. Additionally, our study of male adolescent twins parallels a proposed study of 600 female adolescent twins and their parents. This will provide us with the unique opportunity to identify sex differences in the origins of substance use and related disorders and determine whether and how those sex differences interact with genetic and environmental markers of risk.
Keywords: behavioral genetics, drug abuse, family genetics, mental disorder, substance abuse, twin /multiplet, academic achievement, adolescence (12-18), antisocial personality, behavior prediction, cognition, disease /disorder proneness /risk, longitudinal human study, male, mental health, peer group, psychophysiology, sex difference, young adult human (19-34), behavioral /social science research tag, dizygotic twin, electroencephalography, human subject, monozygotic twin, psychomotor tracking
Project start date: 1987-09-30
Project end date: 1998-09-30
5R01DA005147-10 (1997): $1175473
5R01DA005147-08 (1995): $1075015
5R01DA005147-07 (1994): $990314
2R01DA005147-06 (1993): $959640
Twin Study Of ADHD, CD And Substance Abuse
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center Minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 5R01DA013240-07 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: ZRG1
Abstract: Genetically influenced childhood disruptive disorders, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder (CD), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) have been consistently associated with the later development of substance-use disorders (SUDs). Yet relatively little is known about the mechanisms of genetic influence, or how genetic factors combine with specific environmental risks in the creation of these disorders, their maintenance, and their progression on to SUDs. Five years of renewal funding is sought so that we may work to explicate these developmental processes. We have collected a large, community-based pre-adolescent sample, with equal representation of males and females that has been enriched for the presence of ADHD, CD, and ODD. Composed of twins and their parents, our sample is genetically informative, providing for biometric modeling of the twin data as well as modeling of parent-offspring transmission effects and we obtain DNA samples on all participants. We also assess a wide array of possible experiential risks, including parent-child relationships, parental monitoring, social support networks, neighborhood conditions, school-related experiences, and peer-group characteristics using self-report and in person interview methods involving multiple informants (parents, children, teachers). Thus, in combination, we have the potential to address important hypotheses regarding the relationship between ADHD, CD, ODD and SUDs, including those that incorporate theories of gene-environment correlation and gene-environment interaction. Our initial funding allowed 500 pairs of 11-year-old twins and their parents to complete a day-long, inperson assessment. Their first follow-up assessment, at age 14, has begun. The additional requested five years of funding will allow for the completion of the age-14 assessment as well as the re-assessment of most of these individuals at age 17. The combination of this enriched sample with cases from our other ongoing research projects will yield more than 250 individuals with ADHD and 600 with CD by age 14. This high-risk sample will have comprehensive, longitudinal data and is well suited to investigate gender effects. During the next five years, we aim to understand gene-environment interplay that culminates in substance misuse and early-onset SUDs. Towards this goal we will work to 1) characterize the inherited vulnerability for SUDs, including the role psychophysiological indicators and candidate genes play; 2) learn how early adolescent problem behaviors influence the course of SUD development; 3) delineate the role of intra and extra-familial socializing agents; 4) clarify the role of negative emotionality; and 5) address questions regarding the role of gender, including whether the inherited vulnerability varies by gender, and whether gender moderates the association between liability markers, environmental risk, and later substance-use problems.
Keywords: aging, substance abuse related disorder, twin /multiplet, DNA, attention deficit disorder, base, behavior, child rearing, children, community, comorbidity, conditioning, conduct disorder, disease /disorder classification, emotion, environment, experience, experimental design, family, female, gait, gene, genetics, health /scientific organization, indexing, interview, lead, learning, male, measurement, mental disorder, model, molecular genetics, oppositional defiant disorder, parent, peer group, personality, phenotype, play, psychopathology, quality of life, role, school, sectioning, sex, sex role, social support network, stress, teacher, clinical research
Project start date: 2000-08-01
Project end date: 2011-02-28
5R01DA013240-07 (2007): $599595
2R01DA013240-06A1 (2006): $627554
TWIN STUDY OF ADHD, CD, AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center Minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 5R01DA013240-05 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: ZRG1
Abstract: Applicant s ) Although externalizing psychopathology such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD) have been consistently associated with the development of substance abuse, and although genes appear to influence risk for substance use disorders and these related forms of psychopathology, relatively little is known about the mechanism of genetic influence or the processes by which genetic factors combine with non-genetic factors to affect the development and course of substance abuse and these related behavioral disorders. In order to address these issues, we propose to initiate a longitudinal study of 400 pairs of 11-year-old twins, their mothers and their fathers. Twins will be identified from birth records and selected so that 314 of the pairs will have at least one member with ADHD, early-onset CD, or both. An additional, 86 pairs without ADHD or CD will also be included. When these 314 affected pairs are combined with adolescent twin pairs from our other ongoing research projects, we will have more than 500 pairs of twins having at least one member with either ADHD or early-onset CD (yielding over 700 individuals with one of these diagnoses), and over 650 twin pairs where both members have neither disorder. Twins and the parents will be initially assessed in-person at age 11, followed subsequently with brief telephone interviews annually and with a follow-up in-person assessment every three years. The in-person assessment will include comprehensive measurement of 1) psychiatric status, 2) psychophysiological markers of risk, 3) individual-level risk factors including personality and achievement, and 4) environmental risk factors including attachment to parents, attachment to schools, and peer group models. For the initial period of funding, analysis of the age 11 intake and age 14 follow-up data will focus on characterizing genetic and environmental contributions to early onset substance use. Towards this end we will 1) investigate the relationship of ADHD and early-onset CD with known risk factors for adolescent substance use (e.g., family and peer relationships) and with adolescent substance use onset prior to age 15, 2) complete biometrical analysis of the risk factor and diagnostic data to estimate the degree to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences on these factors, and 3) investigate genotype-environment interactional and correlational models of the contribution of ADHD and disinhibitory psychopathology on early onset adolescent substance use. Our intent is to continue to follow this cohort through early adulthood so that the applicability of these models for adult substance abuse can be assessed.
Keywords: adolescence (12-20), attention deficit disorder, behavioral genetics, conduct disorder, gene environment interaction, genetic susceptibility, twin /multiplet, longitudinal human study, middle childhood (6-11), psychopathology, substance abuse, behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, human subject
Project start date: 2000-08-01
Project end date: 2006-06-30
5R01DA013240-05 (2004): $390516
5R01DA013240-04 (2003): $379140
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
5R01DA013240-03 (2002): $395038
5R01DA013240-02 (2001): $385532
TWIN FAMILY STUDY OF VULNERABILITY TO SUBSTANCE ABUSE
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center Minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 5R01DA005147-15 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: NIDA
Abstract: Applicant s ) Five years of renewal funding are sought to study the etiology of substance abuse (SA) from a developmental behavioral genetic perspective. We hypothesize that an inherited predisposition to SA may be expressed in early adolescence as 1) personality characteristics, 2) psychophysiological markers, and 3) psychiatric disorder. Our findings to date indicate that these factors are a) strongly heritable, b) differentiate individuals with and without SA, c) differentiate individuals with and without an SA parent, d) prospectively predict the early initiation of drug and alcohol use in middle adolescence, and e) predict early onset drug and alcohol disorders in late adolescence. We have also found support for our hypotheses 1) that these phenotypic markers of liability influence SA risk in part by increasing the likelihood that an individual is both exposed to and affected by experiential risk factors during adolescence and 2) that gender may moderate the association between liability markers, environmental risk factors, and a psychoactive substance use disorder outcome. Six-hundred and sixty-six families consisting of a twin pair and their mother and father have completed a daylong, comprehensive assessment of their 1) mental health and substance use history, 2) personality (assessing the broad dimensions of positive emotionality, negative emotionality, and behavioral constraint), 3) psychophysiological markers (including brain potentials [P3 and EEG], autonomic nervous system measures, eye-blink startle, and eye tracking), and 3) environmental factors (including family climate, peer group, and cognitive risk factors). At study intake, the twins were either age 11 (an age prior to experimentation with drugs and alcohol) or age 17 (an age that precedes the adoption of adult substance use patterns). At the time of renewal, these families will have completed their first in-person follow-up (FU1) assessment at ages 14 and 20, three years after their initial intake assessment, and 40% will have completed FU2 at ages 17 and 23. Approximately half the children are at high risk by virtue of their having a parent with illicit drug abuse/dependence or alcohol dependence. During the next five years we propose to 1) complete FU2, 2) initiate FU3 (at ages 20 and 26), and 3) analyze the intake and FU data, comparing it to our parallel study of 717 female twin families (which is being augmented by the addition of another 200 twin families). The primary analyses to be undertaken during this funding period involve 1) assessing the effects of parental SA, 2) univariate biometric analyses of the twin data, 3) multi variate biometric analyses aimed at exploring genotype-environment correlation, and 4) analysis of genotype-environment interaction effects.
Keywords: behavioral genetics, disease /disorder etiology, drug abuse, family genetics, genetic susceptibility, substance abuse, twin /multiplet, behavior prediction, cognition, disease /disorder proneness /risk, family structure /dynamics, gender difference, gene environment interaction, longitudinal human study, mental disorder, peer group, personality, psychophysiology, adolescence (12-20), behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, dizygotic twin, electroencephalography, human subject, monozygotic twin, neuropsychological test, psychological test, psychomotor tracking, young adult human (21-34)
Project start date: 1987-09-30
Project end date: 2003-08-31
5R01DA005147-15 (2002): $629280
5R01DA005147-14 (2001): $613471
5R01DA005147-13 (2000): $616723
5R01DA005147-12 (1999): $563955
2R01DA005147-11 (1998): $595750
TWIN STUDY OF ADHD, CD, AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE
William G Iacono, Professor
Psychologyuniversity Of Minnesota Twin Cities
450 Mcnamara Alumni Center
minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 3R01DA013240-01S1 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: ZRG1
Abstract: Applicant´s ) Although externalizing psychopathology such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder (CD) have been consistently associated with the development of substance abuse, and although genes appear to influence risk for substance use disorders and these related forms of psychopathology, relatively little is known about the mechanism of genetic influence or the processes by which genetic factors combine with non-genetic factors to affect the development and course of substance abuse and these related behavioral disorders. In order to address these issues, we propose to initiate a longitudinal study of 400 pairs of 11-year-old twins, their mothers and their fathers. Twins will be identified from birth records and selected so that 314 of the pairs will have at least one member with ADHD, early-onset CD, or both. An additional, 86 pairs without ADHD or CD will also be included. When these 314 affected pairs are combined with adolescent twin pairs from our other ongoing research projects, we will have more than 500 pairs of twins having at least one member with either ADHD or early-onset CD (yielding over 700 individuals with one of these diagnoses), and over 650 twin pairs where both members have neither disorder. Twins and the parents will be initially assessed in-person at age 11, followed subsequently with brief telephone interviews annually and with a follow-up in-person assessment every three years. The in-person assessment will include comprehensive measurement of 1) psychiatric status, 2) psychophysiological markers of risk, 3) individual-level risk factors including personality and achievement, and 4) environmental risk factors including attachment to parents, attachment to schools, and peer group models. For the initial period of funding, analysis of the age 11 intake and age 14 follow-up data will focus on characterizing genetic and environmental contributions to early onset substance use. Towards this end we will 1) investigate the relationship of ADHD and early-onset CD with known risk factors for adolescent substance use (e.g., family and peer relationships) and with adolescent substance use onset prior to age 15, 2) complete biometrical analysis of the risk factor and diagnostic data to estimate the degree to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences on these factors, and 3) investigate genotype-environment interactional and correlational models of the contribution of ADHD and disinhibitory psychopathology on early onset adolescent substance use. Our intent is to continue to follow this cohort through early adulthood so that the applicability of these models for adult substance abuse can be assessed
Keywords: adolescence (12-18), attention deficit disorder, behavioral genetics, conduct disorder, gene environment interaction, genetic susceptibility, twin /multiplet longitudinal human study, middle childhood (6-11), substance abuse behavioral /social science research tag, clinical research, human subject
Project start date: 2000-08-01
Project end date: 2005-06-30
3R01DA013240-01S1 (2001): $27910
1R01DA013240-01 (2000): $353111
William G Iacono
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities
Project start date: 2007-09-30
Project end date: 2012-06-30
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
TWIN STUDY OF ADHD, CD AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities, 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center, Minneapolis, Mn 55455-2070
Grant 5R01DA013240-10 from National Institute On Drug Abuse
Keywords: 0-11 years old; 11 year old; 12-20 years old; 17 year old; AD/HD; ADHD; AOD use; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adolescent Youth; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Attention-Deficit Disorder, Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type; Behavior; Biological; Biometrics; Biometry; Biometry and Biostatistics; Biostatistics; Candidate Disease Gene; Candidate Gene; Characteristics; Child; Child Youth; Childhood; Children (0-21); Clinic; Communities; Comorbidity; Conduct Disorder; DNA; DSM; Data; Defiant Disorder, Oppositional; Deoxyribonucleic Acid; Dependence; Development; Developmental Process; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual; Disease; Disinhibition; Disorder; Emotions; Environment; Environmental Factor; Environmental Risk Factor; Family; Family Study; Female; Funding; Gender; Gender Role; Generalized Growth; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Growth; Hereditary; Human, Child; Hyperactivity Disorder NOS; Hyperactivity Disorder, Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type; Hyperkinetic Syndrome; Individual; Inherited; Intake; Interview; Learning; Maintenance; Maintenances; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental disorders; Mental health disorders; Methods; Minnesota; Modeling; Molecular Genetic; Molecular Genetics; Neighborhoods; Oppositional Defiant Disorder; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parent-Child Relationship; Parents; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Peer Group; Personality; Persons; Phenotype; Play; Problem behavior; Process; Psychiatric Disease; Psychiatric Disorder; Psychology, Physiologic; Psychology, Physiological; Psychopathology; Psychophysiological; Psychophysiology; Psychosocial Stress; R01 Mechanism; R01 Program; RPG; Research Design; Research Grants; Research Project Grants; Research Projects; Research Projects, R-Series; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Running; Sampling; Schools; Self-Report; Sex Roles; Social support; Study Type; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Tissue Growth; Transmission; Twin Multiple Birth; Twin Studies; Twins; Unspecified Mental Disorder; Work; abnormal psychology; abuse of substances; adolescence (12-20); attention deficit hyperactive disorder; base; behavior influence; behavioral disinhibition; behavioral influence; behavioral problem; boys; children; cohort; deviancy; deviant; disease risk; disease subtype; disease/disorder; disorder risk; disorder subtype; early initiation substance use; early onset; early onset substance use; eleven year old; endophenotype; environment effect on gene; environmental risk; expectation; experience; follow up assessment; gene environment interaction; genetic technology; girls; high risk; indexing; informant; juvenile; juvenile human; male; mental illness; offspring; ontogeny; parent child interaction; parent monitoring; parent offspring interaction; parental monitoring; pediatric; peer; population based; psycho-physiological; psychologic; psychological; psychological disorder; psychosocial; repository; seventeen year old; sex; social; social role; social support network; statistics/biometry; study design; substance abuse; substance use; teacher; teenage; theories; trait; transmission process; youngster
Project start date: 2000-08-01
Project end date: 2011-02-28
Budget start date: 1-MAR-2010
Budget end date: 28-FEB-2011
5R01DA013240-10 (2010): $612836
NEUROBEHAVIORAL ASPECTS OF PERSONALITY & PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
William G Iacono, Professor
Psychologyuniversity Of Minnesota Twin Cities
450 Mcnamara Alumni Center
minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 5T32MH017069-19 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: CPP
Project start date: 1988-07-01
Project end date: 2002-06-30
5T32MH017069-19 (2001): $104973
5T32MH017069-18 (2000): $97703
5T32MH017069-17 (1999): $91662
5T32MH017069-16 (1998): $80700
2T32MH017069-15 (1997): $79586
TWIN/FAMILY STUDY OF VULNERABILITY TO SUBSTANCE ABUSE
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center Minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 5R01DA005147-09 from National Institute On Drug Abuse IRG: DAPA
Project start date: 1987-09-30
Project end date: 1998-06-30
5R01DA005147-09 (1996): $1120231
NEUROBEHAVIORAL ASPECTS OF PERSONALITY & PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center Minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 5T32MH017069-14 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: CPP
Project start date: 1988-07-01
Project end date: 1997-06-30
5T32MH017069-14 (1996): $70747
5T32MH017069-13 (1995): $70481
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5T32MH017069-12 (1994): $66492
5T32MH017069-11 (1993): $64785
NEUROBEHAVIORAL ASPECTS OF PERSONALITY And PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
William G Iacono, Professor
University Of Minnesota Twin Cities 450 Mcnamara Alumni Center Minneapolis, Mn 554552070
Grant 2T32MH017069-10 from National Institute Of Mental Health IRG: CPP
Project start date: 1988-07-01
Project end date: 1997-06-30
2T32MH017069-10 (1992): $59807