Scott A Wylie
Vanderbilt University
Project start date: 2009-09-30
Project end date: 2014-08-31
Sponsored Links Excellgen http://Excellgen.com
Grants awarded to Scott A Wylie
NEUROCOGNITIVE MECHANISMS OF INHIBITION DEFICITS IN PARKINSON´S DISEASE
Scott A Wylie
University Of Virginia Charlottesville, Box 400195, Charlottesville, Va 22904-4195
Grant 5K23AG028750-02 from National Institute On Aging
Abstract: Parkinson´s disease (PD) is among the most common forms of neurodegenerative disease in older adults. PD is associated with progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons of the basal ganglia, which in turn disrupts normal basal ganglia activity and produces well-known movement abnormalities (e.g., bradykinesia, tremor). Of increasing concern are the effects of PD and its treatment on specific cognitive processes. Several contemporary neurocognitive models suggest that frontal-basal ganglia circuits play a central role in executive cognitive control. In our constantly changing environments, one particularly important aspect of executive control supported by this circuitry is the inhibition of behavior. Preliminary behavioral data for this application show that PD patients are less effective at inhibiting responses than healthy controls across several experimental paradigms. This data supports the central hypothesis behind this project that PD compromises the neurocognitive control system that is responsible for the inhibition of behavior. Specific aims provide additional empirical tests of this hypothesis by linking the response inhibition deficits in PD to underlying neurophysiological mechanisms and determining the effects of treatments (dopamine medication, subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation) for PD on behavioral and neurophysiological measures of inhibition. Career development training focuses on the acquisition of expertise in event-related brain potential (ERP) and electromyography (EMG) recordings that can be used to track the activation of an incorrect response and the inhibition of this response with millisecond precision as these processes unfold over the course of a mental reaction. Career development training and support is enhanced by local and outside collaborations that provide expert backgrounds in the neuroscience of cognitive control, the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson´s disease, and clinical neurophysiology. Cognitive deficits that accompany PD produce significant declines in quality of life and functional independence. A better understanding of these deficits and their neurophysiological mechanisms can lead to better treatments. Parkinson´s disease is among the most common forms of neurodegenerative disease in older adults. Cognitive deficits that accompany Parkinson´s disease produce significant declines in quality of life and functional independence. The training and proposed studies outlined in this application combine psychophysiological and behavioral measures to investigate the effects of PD and its treatment on the cognitive control system responsible for the inhibition of behavior
Keywords: (--)-2Amino-3-)3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic Acid; (--)-3-(3, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine; 21+ years old; 3, 4-Dihydroxyphenethylamine; 3-Hydroxy-L-tyrosine; 4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1, 2-benzenediol; Activities of Daily Living; Activities of everyday life; Adaptive Behaviors; Adult; Aged 65 and Over; Aging; Area; Basal Ganglia; Basal Nuclei; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Paradigm; Behaviors, Adaptive; Bradykinesia; Brain; Cell Communication and Signaling; Cell Signaling; Clinical; Cognitive; Cognitive Disturbance; Cognitive Impairment; Cognitive decline; Cognitive deficits; Cognitive function abnormal; Collaborations; DA Neuron; Data; Deep Brain Stimulation; Degenerative Diseases, Nervous System; Degenerative Neurologic Disorders; Diagnosis; Disease; Disorder; Disturbance in cognition; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Drugs; Dopamine neuron; Dopaminergic Agents; Dopaminergic Drugs; Drug Therapy; Drugs; Dysfunction; EMG; Elderly; Elderly, over 65; Electromyography; Encephalon; Encephalons; Environment; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Functional disorder; Human, Adult; Hydroxytyramine; Idiopathic Parkinson Disease; Impaired cognition; Individual; Intracellular Communication and Signaling; L-3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine; L-Dopa; Lead; Levodopa; Lewy Body Parkinson Disease; Link; Measures; Medication; Modeling; Movement; Msec; Muscle Rigidity; Nerve Cells; Nerve Unit; Nervous; Nervous System, Brain; Neural Cell; Neurocognitive; Neurocyte; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurologic Degenerative Conditions; Neurologic Diseases, Degenerative; Neurons; Neurosciences; Nucleus Subthalamicus; Paralysis Agitans; Parkinson; Parkinson Disease; Parkinson`s; Parkinson`s disease; Parkinsons disease; Patients; Pattern; Pb element; Pharmaceutic Preparations; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Physiopathology; Play; Primary Parkinsonism; Process; Psyche structure; Psychology, Physiologic; Psychology, Physiological; Psychophysiological; Psychophysiology; QOL; Quality of life; Reaction; Relative; Relative (related person); Research; Resolution; Rigidity; Rigidity, Muscular; Role; STN stimulation; Science of neurophysiology; Senescence; Signal Transduction; Signal Transduction Systems; Signaling; Specific qualifier value; Specified; Stimulus; Structure; Structure of subthalamic nucleus; Subthalamic Nucleus; System; System, LOINC Axis 4; Testing; Time; Training; Training Support; Tremor; Visual Fields; ing; adaptation behavior; adaptive behavior; adult human (21+); advanced age; aging population; alternative treatment; behavior measurement; behavioral measure; behavioral measurement; beta-(3, 4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine; biological signal transduction; body movement; career development; cognitive control; cognitive dysfunction; cognitive loss; cognitively impaired; daily living functionality; disease/disorder; dopaminergic neuron; drug/agent; elders; event related potential; executive control; executive function; functional ability; functional capacity; geriatric; heavy metal Pb; heavy metal lead; improved; late life; later life; mental; millisecond; neural; neurodegenerative illness; neuronal; neurophysiology; older adult; older person; pathophysiology; psycho-physiological; relating to nervous system; response; response marker; senescent; senior citizen; social role; standard care; theories; treatment effect
Relevance: Parkinson´s disease is among the most common forms of neurodegenerative disease in older adults. Cognitive deficits that accompany Parkinson´s disease produce significant declines in quality of life and functional independence. The training and proposed studies outlined in this application combine psychophysiological and behavioral measures to investigate the effects of PD and its treatment on the cognitive control system responsible for the inhibition of behavior
Project start date: 2009-09-30
Project end date: 2014-08-31
Budget start date: 1-SEP-2010
Budget end date: 31-AUG-2011
PFA/PA: PA-09-043
5K23AG028750-02 (2010): $158166
1K23AG028750-01A2 (2009): $158166